¥[¤u³B²z¹ï¹}®ÆÀç¾i»ùȤ§¼vÅT(¤W)
¹}®Æ¥[¤u³B²z¡A¤×¨ä¬O½\ª«¤§¥[¤u³B²z¹ï¨äÀç¾i»ùȤ§¼vÅT¡A¤w¨ü¼sªx¤§¬ã¨s±´°Q¡A½\ª«¬°½Þ°¦¤Î®a¸V¹}³¤§¥D¦¨¤À¡A¬°¤Ï¯ì°Êª«¯à¶q¤§¥Dn¨Ó·½¡C¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¡A¤@§¹¥þ¤é³¤¤½\ª«¤j³£§¡¦û¥þ³¡²Õ¦¨¤§50¢H¥H¤W¡A¦]¦¹¦p¦ó§ïµ½½\ª«§Q¥Î²v¤§¥[¤u³B²z¤èªk¡A¤@ª½¨ü«µø¡A¤w¶}µo¤§¥[¤u³B²z¤èªk¬Û·í¦h¥B¤éÁÍÁcÂø¡Aì©lª«½è¥i¯à¶W¹L¤@¦¸¥H¤W¤§³B²z¡C¥[¤u³B²z¹ï¹}®ÆÀç¾i»ùȤ§¼vÅT¡A¤w¦³½Ñ¦h³ø§i¡A¦b¦¹ÀÀ¥D´N½\ª«¥[¤u³B²z¤èªk¡A¦b¤Ï¯ì°Êª«Àç¾i»ùȤ§¼vÅT¥[¥H½×z¡C
¤@¡B¥[¤u¤èªk
¥Dn¤§¥[¤u³B²z¤èªkÂkÃþ¦pªí1¡G
ªí¤@ ¥D n ¤§ ¹} ®Æ ¥[ ¤u ³B ²z ¤è ªk
§N ³B ²z |
¼ö ³B ²z |
||
Àã |
°® |
Àã |
°® |
®û ªw Ãæ »Ã « ²Õ ¥[¦³¾÷»Ä ©ÎúU³B²z |
¿i ¸H ºu À£ ¸H µõ |
»]®ðºuÀ£ »]®ðÀ£¤ù ¬µ µõ ¥[À£»]µN À½ À£ ¥´ ©Ô |
Ãz µõ À½ À£ ·Lªi³B²z ¨Ñ ¯N |
¤G¡B½\ª«¥[¤u¾ý¯»Áû²É¤§ÅܤÆ
¾ý¯»¬O¤@ºØ¶J¦s©Êªº¦hÁÞÃþ¡A¥Dn¬O¤@ºØ¥H£\¡ÐD¡Ð(1¡÷4)µ²¦Xªº¸²µå»E¿}(G-lucan)¡A¨Ã±a¦³§e£\¡ÐD¡Ð(1¡÷6)¤À¤äÂI(¨C20¡ã25 glucose residues¡Gunit)µ²ºc¤§¤äÃì¡A¬O¤@ºØ§t¾ý¯»¿}(Amylose)©M½¦¾ý¯»(Amylopectin)¤§²V¦Xª«¡A¦b¤j³¡¤À¤§½\Ãþ¾ý¯»¦û70¡ã80¢H¡A¦b®Ú²ô¥ç¦û¬Û·í¤j¤§¤ñ¨Ò¡A¬°°Êª«¼ö¯à¤§¥Dn¨Ó·½¡C¤j¦h¼Æ¾ý¯»¨ä¾ý¯»¿}¤ñ¨Ò¦û20¡ã30¢H¡A½¦¾ý¯»¦û70¡ã80¢H¡A³o¨Ç¾ý¯»¿}»P½¦¾ý¯»¥H²BÁäºò±K³sµ²µÛ¡A½\²É¤¤¤§¾ý¯»¦b°®Àê¹Lµ{¤¤¥i¯à²£¥ÍµõÁ_©Î¥W¥Þ¦³§Q¾ý¯»¤À¸ÑúA¤§§@¥Î¡A¦ý¶ô²ô¤¤¤§¾ý¯»«h¬Û¤Ï¡A¥~ªí°í¹ê¦Ó§¹¾ã¡A»Ã¯À«ÜÃø«I¤J¡C½\ª«¥[¤u¤´¨Ï¾ý¯»¼ÉÅS¡A¨Ï¼W¥[»P»Ã¯À±µÄ²¤§±¿n¡A¨ä¤¤¥]¬Aª«²z¤§¯}Ãa¤Î¥[¼ö¤§½k½¦¤Æ§@¥Î¡C
¾ý¯»¤§½k½¦¤Æ(Gelatinnization of starch)¡G
·í¾ý¯»»P§N¤ô²V¦X®É¨S¦³¤°»ò¯S®í¤§ÅܤơA¦ý¤ô¥[¼ö®É«h²V¦Xª«¤§ÖߩʼW¥[¡A¦p¾ý¯»ªº¿@«×°÷¤j®É«h§Î¦¨½¦Åé¡C
¦bÅã·LÃè¤UÆ[¹î¾ý¯»Áû²É¤§Åܤƥi¤À¤T¨BÆJ¡G
(¤@)¦b§N¤ô¤¤¡A¥Ñ©ó¾ý¯»Áû²Éªº°®Àê¡A¦]¦¹·|§l¦¬20¡ã30¢Hªº¤ô¡A¦Ó¨äºc³y¨S¦³ÅܤơAÖ߫ץçµLÅܤơC
(¤G)²Ä¤G¨B¬ù¹F65¢J®É¡A¤j³¡¤À¤§¾ý¯»Áû²É«Ü§Ö¦a§l¦¬¤j¶qªº¤ô¡A¨Ã¿±µÈ°_¨Ó¡A¦¹®É§Y¬°½k½¦¤Æ·Å«×¡A¾ý¯»Áû²É¤¤ªºµ²´¹³Q¯}Ãa¡A¦¹¬°¤£¥i°f¡A¦¹®É´¹Å餤ºûô»E¦XÃ춡¤§²BÁäÂ_µõ¡A¦Ó¯}µõ¤F¤À¤l¶¡±Æ¦C¤§¯´§Ç©Ê¡C
(¤T)¦p·Å«×¤@ª½ºû«ù°ª·Å¡A«h¾ý¯»Áû²É·|¤£Â_¿±µÈ¡AÁû²É³Ì«á¯}µõ¤À´²©ó²GÅ餤¡A¥BÖߩʼW¥[¡A¾ý¯»Áû²É°í©T¦a¾a¦b¤@°_¦ÓµLªk¤À¶}¡C
¥t¥~¡A¾ý¯»¥ç¨ã¦³°f¦æ²{¶H(retrogradation)¡A·í¾ý¯»¹L¼ö®É¡A¥i·»©Ê¤§¾ý¯»¿}·|·»¥X¡A¦Ó©ó½wºC§N«oªº¹Lµ{¤¤¡A¸²µå¿}¤À¤l¶¡¤S·|««Ø¨ã²BÁäµ²¦X¡A¸²µå¿}Ã춰¦X¦¨§ô¡A¦¹²{¶H¥ç¬°¤£¥i°fªÌ¡A«ÜÃø¦A·»¸Ñ¡A¦¹¤D«ÜÃø®ø¤Æ¡C¾ý¯»¤§®ø¤Æ¨ü¨äºc³y¤Î²Õ¦¨¥H¤Î¨ä»P³J¥Õ½è¤ÏÀ³µ²¦X¤§±¡§Î(½Å¤Æ¤ÏÀ³)µ¥©Ò¼vÅT¡C¾ý¯»Áû²É®I©ó³J¥Õ©Ê¶¡½è¤¤(protein matrix)¡A¥[¤u³B²z§Y¬O¨Ï³J¥Õ©Ê¶¡½èµõ¶}¡A¨Ï©ö¨ü»Ã¯À¤§¤ô¸Ñ(¼W¥[±µÄ²±)¡A¥¦¤]¦³¥i¯à¦¨½k½¦¤Æ¾ý¯»¡A¨Ï¾ý¯»(îÇ°ò©Îରò)»P³J¥Õ½è(Ói¤Æ¦Xª«¢wÓi°ò»Ä)µ²¦X¡A¦Ó°§C¾ý¯»»P³J¥Õ½è¤§®ø¤Æ²v¡C
§ÜÀç¾i¦]¤l¥ç¬O¼vÅT®ø¤Æ²vªÌ¡A¦p´Ó»Ä(phytate)¡B¦å²y¾®¶°¯À(Lectin¡G¥Ñ¬Y¨Ç´Óª«ºØ¤l©â¥X)¡A³æ¹çµ¥§¡·|°§C¾ý¯»¤§®ø¤Æ²v¡A¦Ó¨Ï¥Î²v¤U°¡A¤£¹L³o¨Ç¦]¤l§¡¥iÂǼö³B²z¥[¥H¯}Ãa¡C¥[¤u«á³J¥ÕÅé¦ü©|§¹¾ã¡A¦ý³ò¶¦b¾ý¯»®Ç¤§³J¥Õ½èµõ¶}¡A¤ô¸Ñ»Ã¯À§Y¤Á³Î¾ý¯»¤§ªí±Ãä½t¡C¨Ò¦pÃzµõªÌ¤D¥Ñ¿±µÈ¾ý¯»¤§Ãä½t¶}©l¤ô¸Ñ¡C
¤T¡B®a¯b¹ï¥[¤u½\ª«¤§§Q¥Î®Ä¯à
¦¹¤è±¤§¬ã¨sµ²ªG¤£¬Æ¤@P¡A¦]¥[¤u¤èªk¤Î°Êª«¡A½\ª«ºØÃþ¤£¦P¦Ó²§¡Cªñ¦~¨Ó³\¦h¬ã¨s³ø§i«üºÙ¡A½\ª«¥[¤u¹ï¤s¦Ï©Îºø¦Ï¨Ã¤£«n¡A¥ç§Y¥[¤u¤§®Ä¯à¤£ÅãµÛ¡A¦¹¤D¤s¦Ï»Pºø¦Ï¯à¦³®Äªº§Q¥Î¥þ²É½\ª«(¥i©CÄZ)¡A¨Ò¦pºø¦Ï®ø¤Æ°ª±ç¤¤¤§«D³J¥Õ¦³¾÷ª«©M³J¥Õ½è¸û¦×¤û°ª¥X10¡ã20¢H(Buchanan-Smith et al 1968)¡A¦Ó½\ª«ºØÃþ¤£¦P¥[¤u«á¤§§ïµ½®ÄªG¬°°ª±ç¡Ö¥É¦Ì¡Ö¤j³Á©Î¤p³Á¡A¦¹¤D»P½\ª«¥»¨®ø¤Æ²v¤§°ª§C¦³Ãö¡A¦]°ª±ç¤§¾ý¯»»P³J¥Õ½è¤§®ø¤Æ²v³Ì§C¡A¨ä¦¸¥É¦Ì¡A¦A¨ä¦¸¬°¤j³Á(ªí1¡B2)¡A¥Ñªí1¡B2¤W¥ç¥i¨£½\ª«¤§®ø¤Æ¤j³¡¤À¦b½FG¡A°kÂ÷½FGªÌ¸û§C¡A¥Ñ°kÂ÷½FG¤§¶q¦ü¤]¥i°µ¬°»¡©ú¾ý¯»»P³J¥Õ½è®ø¤Æ²v¤§¤£¦P¡Cªí3¦Üªí5¤À§O»¡©ú¥É¦Ì¤Î°ª±ç¸g¦UºØ¥[¤u³B²z¡A§ïµ½¦×¤û¤§¹}®Æ®Ä²v¤Î¼W²£±¡§Î¡AÅã¥Ü¥[¤u¹ï°ª±ç§ïµ½¤§®ÄªG¤j©ó¥É¦Ì¡C
ªí¤@ ¦×¤û¹ï¦UºØ½\ª«¤§³J¥Õ½è»P¾ý¯»¤§®ø¤Æ²v
¶µ ¥Ø |
°ª ±ç |
¥É ¦Ì¢H |
¤j ³Á |
³J¥Õ½è1 ¥þ®ø¤Æ¹D¤§®ø¤Æ ¾ý ¯»1 ¥þ®ø¤Æ¹D¤§®ø¤Æ ½FG¤§®ø¤Æ °k¹L½FG ¸z¹D¤§®ø¤Æ ³J¥Õ½è2 ¥þ®ø¤Æ¹D¤§®ø¤Æ ¾ý ¯»2 ¥þ®ø¤Æ¹D¤§®ø¤Æ ½FG¤§®ø¤Æ °k¹L½FG ¸z¹D¤§®ø¤Æ |
55 92 66 34 79 61 97 75 25 87 |
68 96 73 27 82 66 99 84 16 94 |
72 99 93 7 78 68 99 88 12 93 |
¸ê®Æ¨Ó·½¡G
Waldo (1973)¡ASowe (1982)¡ATheurer (1984)¡C
2.Spicer et al.(1986)¡C
ªí¤G ¦× ¤û ¹} ¤© ¦U ºØ ´ß ª« ¤§ ¹} ®Æ »P ²Ó µß ´á ¤§ ®ø ¤Æ ²v
¶µ ¥Ø |
°ª ±ç |
¥É ¦Ì |
¤j ³Á |
½FG¤§®ø¤Æ ¹}®Æ¤¤´á¡A¢H ¹}®Æ¤¤´á¡A§J ½FG«á¤§®ø¤Æ ¹}®Æ¤¤´á¡A¢H ¹}®Æ¤¤´á¡A§J ¹}®Æ¤¤´á¡A¦û½FG«áÁ`´á®ø¤Æ¤§¢H ²Óµß´á¡A% ²Óµß´á¡A§J ²Óµß´á¡A¦û½FG«áÁ`´á®ø¤Æ¤§¢H |
27.1 29.9 86.7 70.4 60.2 51.6 39.6 39.8 |
40.2 46.4 87.9 60.4 52.8 57.2 46.6 47.2 |
68.6 82.6 77.6 29.7 26.8 68.6 77.8 73.2 |
¸ê®Æ¨Ó·½¡GSpicer et al. (1986)¡C
ªí¤T ¦UºØ¥[¤u³B²z¥É¦Ì¹}¤©¦×¤û¤§¤ñ¸û1
¥[ ¤u ¤è ªk |
||||
¶µ ¥Ø |
°®ÀêºuÀ£ | À£ ¤ù | ¾ã²É±a½\ | ¦´Á¦¬Ã¬»P¥[¤ô«²Õ |
¨C¤é¼W«¡A½S ¨C¤é¹}®Æ±Ä¹¶q¡A½S2 ´î¤Ö¡A¢H ¹}®Æ¡þ½S¼WÅé«¡A½S2 ½\ª«§t¶q¡A¢H ¹}®Æ®Ä²v§ïµ½²v¡A¢H ½\ª«¤§§ïµ½²v¡A¢H |
2.75 18.97 ¡Ð 6.90 74 ¡Ð ¡Ð |
17.44 8.1 6.34 74 8.1 10.9 |
2.75 18.92 ¡Ð 6.88 78 ¡Ð ¡Ð |
2.84 18.31
6.45 80 6.5 8.1 |
¥§¡¹}¾i150¤Ñ¡Aªì«550½S
90¢H°®ª«½è¬°°ò¦¡C
¸ê®Æ¨Ó·½¡GChurch (1980)¡C
ªí¥| ¦U ºØ ¥[ ¤u ³B ²z °ª ±ç ¹} ¤© ¦× ¤û ¤§ ¤ñ ¸û 1
¥[ ¤u ¤è ªk |
||||
¶µ ¥Ø |
°®ÀêºuÀ£ | À£ ¤ù | ¥[¤ô«²Õ | Ãzµõ¡A¬µµõ»P·Lªi³B²z |
¨C¤é¼W«¡A½S ¨C¤é¹}®Æ±Ä¹¶q¡A½S2 ´î¤Ö¡A¢H ¹}®Æ¡þ½S¼W«¡A½S2 ½\ª«§t¶q¡A¢H ¹}®Æ®Ä²v§ïµ½²v¡A¢H ½\ª«¤§§ïµ½²v¡A¢H |
2.56 18.66 ¡Ð 7.29 74 ¡Ð ¡Ð |
2.76 17.85 4.3 6.47 74 11.2 15.1 |
2.76 17.42 6.6 6.31 78 13.4 17.2 |
2.76 17.85 4.3 6.47 74 11.2 15.1 |
¥§¡¹}¾i140¤Ñ¡Aªì«540½S¡C
90¢H°®ª«½è¬°°ò¦¡C
¸ê®Æ¨Ó·½¡GChurch (1980)¡C
ªí¤ ¥[ ¤u ³B ²z ¤è ªk ¹ï °é ¤½ ¥q ¦× ¤û ¹} ¾i ¦¨ ÁZ ¤§ ¼v ÅT
¤ñ ¸û |
¤é ¼W «¡A½S | ¨C¤é¹}®Æ±Ä ¹¶q¡A½S |
¹}®ÆÂà´« ²v¡A½S |
¹}¶qÂà´«²v¤§§ïµ½¶q¡A¢H |
¾ã²É±a½\¥É¦Ì »PºP¿¨¥É¦Ì |
2.73 2.66 |
18.5 18.4 |
6.78 6.92 |
2 |
¾ã²É±a½\¥É¦Ì »P¯»¸H¥É¦Ì |
2.25 2.19 |
14.8 15.2 |
6.58 6.94 |
5 |
¸Hµõ¥É¦Ì »P¥´²É¥É¦Ì |
2.32 1.96 |
19.1 17.4 |
8.23 8.88 |
8 |
°®ºuÀ£°ª±ç »P»]®ðÀ£¤ù |
2.90 3.04 |
21.8 21.4 |
7.52 7.04 |
6 |
¯»¸H¥É¦Ì 1¡þ32¡ªÀ£¤ù 1¡þ12¡ªÀ£¤ù |
2.65 2.82 2.70 |
18.9 17.3 18.0 |
6.88 6.14 6.66 |
11 3 |
°ªÀã«×¥É¦Ì* »P°®Àê¥É¦Ì* |
2.40 2.44 |
15.7 18.3 |
6.54 7.50 |
13 |
°ªÀã«×¥É¦Ì* »P°®Àê¥É¦Ì* |
2.73 2.40 |
20.6 20.1 |
7.63 8.38 |
9 |
°ªÀã«×°ª±ç* »P°®Àê°ª±ç* |
2.02 2.00 |
24.3 27.4 |
12.03 13.70 |
12 |
*90¢H°®ª«½è¬°°ò¦¡C
¸ê®Æ¨Ó·½¡GChurch (1980)¡C
¹}®ÆÀç¾iÂø»x(66~73)
88¦~¡D²Ä7´Á¢w³\Î੾
Copyright © 1998 Z¸s®n¯bªªºô.
¥»ºô¯¸¹Ï¤å«YÄÝZ¸s®n¦³¤½¥q¡A¤º¤å¤§ª©Åv¬°¸ÓÂø»xªÀ©Ò
¦³¡A«D¸g¥»¤½¥q¤Î¸ÓÂø»xªÀ¥¿¦¡®Ñ±¦P·N¡A¤£±o±N¥þ³¡©Î³¡¤À¤º®e¡A
Âà¸ü©ó¥ô¦ó§Î¦¡´CÅé
¡° ³Ì¨Î¸ÑªR«× 800x600
Copyright © 1998
MiobufferCo., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Unauthorized copying and reproduction is prohibited. All trademarks property of their
respective holders.