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Kanazawa et al. (1977b)¬ã¨s´³¸`½¼»ç®Æ¤¤¯×½è¤§³Ì¾A¶q¡A»{¬°²K¥[²L¸Äªo®É¬°8¢H¡ADeshimaru (1981)«h»{¬°6¢Hªº¤j¨§ªo¡þ÷«¨xªo(1¡þ1)¸û«ê·í¡F¦Ó¬ü°êÀs½¼¡A«h¥H5¢H÷«¨xªo¬°³Ì¾A¦X¶q(Castell and Covey, 1976)¡C½¼¹}®Æ¸Ì²K¥[¯×½è®É¡A¤£¥u´£¨Ñ¯à¶q¦Ó¤w¡A¯×½è¤§¯×ªÕ»Ä²Õ¦¨»·¸û¥þ¯×½è§t¶q«n(New, 1976)¡A¥B¯×½è¤¤ªº©T¾JÃþ¡B·¥©Ê¯×½èªº½è»P¶q¤]³£¼vÅT½¼Ãþªº¦s¬¡¡C¦]¦¹¡A¥u¦³¥þ½L¦Ò¼{¨ì¯×ªÕ»Ä²Õ¦¨¡B©T¾JÃþ¡B·¥©Ê¯×½èªº©w©Ê©w¶q»Ý¨D¤è¯à°÷§¹¾ãªºº¡¨¬½¼Ãþªº¯×½èÀç¾i»Ý¨D¡C
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Millamena and Quinitio (1984)µo²{°ª«×¤£¹¡©M¯×ªÕ»Ä¥H¤Îû_3¯×ªÕ»Ä»Pû_6¯×ªÕ»Äªº¤ñ²v(û_3¡þû_6)¹ï©ó½¼¤lªº¥Í´Þ¹Lµ{¦³«nªº¼vÅT¡A¥LÌ¥H¯ó½¼©Ò°µªº¬ã¨sµ²ªG«ü¥XºØ½¼©Ê¦¨¼ôªºªí²{»P¨ä©Ò¦Y¹ª«¤§¯×ªÕ»Ä²Õ¦¨¦³±K¤Áªº¬ÛÃö¡C¤jÅé¦Ó¨¥¡A¹ª«¤§°ª«×¤£¹¡©M¯×ªÕ»Ä²Õ¦¨·U±µªñ¦¨¼ô§Z±_¤§²Õ¦¨ªÌ¥Bû_3¡þû_6¤§¤ñ²v¸û°ª®É¡A¹ï¥Í´Þ«P¶i®ÄªG·U¦n¡C¶Ç²Î¤W§ÚÌÁý¹}ºØ½¼ªº¹ª«¦p³nÅé°Êª«©M®üÂΧ¡§t¦³Àu¨}ªº¯×½è¡A¨ä¯×ªÕ»Ä²Õ¦¨»P¥Ò´ßÃþºë±_¡B§Z±_¬Û¦ü(Meyers, 1985)¡CMilddleditch et al. (1980)§óµo²{·í¹}®Æ¤£§t20¡G5û_3¤Î22¡G6û_3®É¡A¥_¤è¥Õ½¼(Penaeus setiferus)¥À½Þ¤£©ê§Z¡C
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Áx©T¾J¦b÷¨ÅÃþ¦å²G¤¤ªº¹B¿é«Y³z¹L¡Ð§ZÁC¯×¡GÁx©T¾JÂà¹BúA¨t²Î(lecithin¡Fcholesterol acyl transferase system)¨Ó°õ¦æ¡C¦¹¨t²Î¬O¥Ñ¦å²G¯×³J¥Õ¤WªºÁC¯×ÁxÆP§Q¥Î¨ä£]¦ì¸m¯×ªÕ»Ä»PÁx©T¾J§Î¦¨àÁä¡A¥HÄâ±aÁx©T¾J¨ì©P³ò²Õ´¥h¡A¦A¥Ñ¥t¤@»Ã¯À¦Ó±NÁx©T¾JÄÀ©ñ¨ì²Õ´ªº²ÓM¡CµM¦Ó§ZÁC¯×¡GÁx©T¾JÂà¹BúA¨t²Î¦b½¼Ãþªº¥\¯à¥i¯à¸û¤£«n¡A¦]¬°Às½¼¦å²G¤¤¥u§t«Ü¤Ö¤ñ²vªºÁx©T¾Jà(Bligh and Scott, 1966)¡A¨Ã¥B³oºØúA¨t²Îªº¬¡©Ê¦bîg½¼(Procambarus clarkii)¤ÎÂÅÃÉ(Protunus trituberculatus)§¡«Ü§C(Mankura et al., 1980)¡C¦]¦¹¦³Ãö½¼ÃþÅ餺ÁC¯×ÁxÆP»PÁx©T¾J¤§¹B°e¾÷¨î¶¡ªºÃö«Y¤´¦³«Ý¶i¤@¨Bªº±´°Q¡C
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ºî¤W©Ò¨¥¡A»ç®ÆÁC¯×ÁxÆP¤§Àç¾i®ÄªG·|¨ü¨ì¹}®Æ¤¤¨ä¥LÀç¾i¯Àªº¤zÂZ¡A¦Ó¨ÏÁC¯×ÁxÆP¥»¨¥\¯à«ÜÃø³Q»{©w¡CµM¦Ó¹ï©ó½¼Ãþ¦Ó¨¥¡A¦b¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[ÁC¯×ÁxÆP¬O¥²nªº¡F¹}®Æ¤¤ªº²K¥[°£¤F¥i«P¶i¦¨ªø¥~¡A¹ï©ó¹}®Æ¤§¤ô¤¤¦w©w©Ê¥ç¤j¦³À°§U¡C½¼Ãþ¥Í²zªº¨¤¦â¤£Â_¼W¥[¤¤¡AÁC¯×½è»Ý¨Dªº¬ã¨s¡A°t¦Xì¤wÁA¸Ñªº¥²»Ý¯×ªÕ»Ä¡AÁx©T¾Jªºª¾ÃÑ¡A±N¦³§U©ó½¼Ãþ¯×½èÀç¾iªºÁA¸Ñ¡A¦Ó³oºØª¾ÃѪºÁA¸Ñ»P¬ð¯}¡A±N¦³§U©ó§ó¦³®Äªº¹}®Æªº¶}µo¡C
ªí¤@ ²K¥[¦UºØ¯×½è¹ïÀsîg½¼¥Íªøªº®ÄªG | |
»ç ®Æ ¯× ½è | ¼W « ²v (¢H) |
µL²K¥[ 1¢H÷«¨xªo 5¢H÷«¨xªo 10¢H÷«¨xªo 15¢H÷«¨xªo 10¢H¥É¦Ìªo 10¢H¥[²B·¦¤lªo |
8.2±11.2 11.8±13.6 22.7±11.6 16.1±13.2 23.0±10.8 7.7±10.1 3.7±13.8 |
ªí¤G Radioactivity of main fatty acids in total lipids from zoea fed microcapsul diet containing¡e1¡Ð14C¡fpalmitic acid and Juvenile prawn injected¡e1¡Ð14C¡fpalmitic acid (Kanazawa et al. 1979, Jones et al. 1979) | ||
Fatty acid | ¢H Distribution of radioactivity | |
Zoea | Juvenile | |
12¡G0 14¡G0 15¡G0 16¡G0 18¡G0 20¡G0 14¡G1 16¡G1û_7 18¡G1û_9 20¡G1û_9 18¡G2û_6 20¡G4û_6 18¡G3û_3 20¡G5û_3 22¡G6û_3 |
¡Ð 1.9 0.9 73.8 7.4 1.8 0.9 2.7 3.5 0.3 0.1 1.5 0.1 0.6 0.9 |
16.3 ¡Ð 7.1 23.9 3.0 ¡Ð 10.7 10.9 ¡Ð 3.4 ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð 0.8 0.4 |
ªí¤T Biosynthesis of Sterols in Crustacea | ||
Species | Incorporation | References |
Astacus astacus Cancer Dagrus Homarus gammarus Astacus fluviatilis Rhithropanopus herrisii Libinia emerginata Callinectes sapidus Balanus mubilus Artemia salina Penaeus jaconicus Portunus trituberculatus Carcinus maenas Eupaqurus bernhardus Armadilidium unlgare Cirolana halfordi Ligia occidentalis Helice tridens tridens Seaarma dehaani |
¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð |
Zendee (1962,1964,1966) Oord (1964) Zandee (1964,1967) Gosselin (1965) Whitney (1969) ¡@ Whitney (1970) ¡@ ¡@ Teshima & Kanazawa (1971) ¡@ Walton & Pennock (1972) ¡@ ¡@ O'Rourke & Monrzo (1976) ¡@ Teshima et al. (1976) ¡@ |
ªí¥| EiTect of various sterols on growth and survival of prawn | ||||||
Sterol added (0.5g/100g of diet) | Rate of survival (%) | Rate of growth (%) | ||||
Experiment | Experiment | |||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
Cholesterol Ergosterol Stigmasterol £]-sitosterol |
95 94 96 89 |
86 87 83 83 |
88 92 88 92 |
72 51 62 56 |
98 79 67 29 |
56 48 56 50 |
Number and average weight of surviving prawn were determined at the end of 30-or 40-dayfeed trials. |
¡@
ªí¤ Growth and Survival of Prawn Larvae Fed the Diets Containing Cholesterol and Other Sterols | |||||
Dietary sterol | Survival(%)* | Number of larvae | |||
M1 | M2 | M3 | P1 | ||
Sterol-free Cholesterol Cholest-7-enol 22-Dehydrocholesterol 24-Methylenecholesterol Ergosterol 24-Methylcholesta-5,22-dienol £]-Sitosterol Stigmasterol Fucosterol Isofucosterol Lanosterol |
30 74 37 60 62 68 53 55 11 2 61 2 |
¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ 2 ¡@ 2 |
29 ¡@ ¡@ 19 ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ 27 3 ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ |
1 ¡@ 30 41 6 20 37 28 8 ¡@ 37 ¡@ |
¡@ 74 7 ¡@ 56 48 16 ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ 24 ¡@ |
*Feeding period; 9 days |
ªí¤» Metabolities from Cholesterol-14C identified in the Hepatopancreas, Ovaries, and Blood of the Spiny Lobster | |||
Steroid hormones | Hepatopancreas | Ovaries | Blood |
Progesterone 17£\-Hydroxyprogesterone Androstenedione Testosterone Deoxycorticosterone Corticosterone |
¡Ï ¡Ï ¡Ï ¡Ï ¡Ï ¡Ï |
¡Ï ¡Ï ± ¡Ï ¡Ð ¡Ð |
¡Ï ± ± ¡Ï ¡Ð ¡Ð |
¡@
ªí¤K Survival of Jevenile Lobsters Grown on Diet with Lecithin ( Conklin et al., 1980 ) | |||
Diet | per cent survival | ||
30days | 60days | 90days | |
78S¡Ï 5¢H Lecithin 78S¡Ï7.5¢H Lecithin 78S¡Ï 10¢H Lecithin 78S¡Ï 20¢H Lecithin 78S¡Ï 35¢H Lecithin |
46 100 100 97 100 |
0 97 86 86 89 |
¡Ð 89 * * * |
¹}®ÆÀç¾iÂø»x(87~109)¡Ð¾G°·¶¯¡D¤E¤@¦~¤C´Á
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