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¥»¸ÕÅ笰°w¹ï¦UºØ¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¡A¥H«P¶i¤gµfÀn¥Íªø®ÄªG¾A¥Î¾¯¶q¤Î²Õ´´Ý¯d¤§¨t¦C¬ã¨s¤§¤@¡AÚ¬°«Ø¥ß¡u¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¨Ï¥Î·Ç«h¡v¤§°Ñ¦Ò¨Ì¾Ú¡C¥»¦~«×¤TºØ²K¥[ª«¬°¦w¤Ú¯À5¡B10¡B15ppm¡A¾N¬\¯óµß¯À5¡B30¡B60ppm¤Î¥vÅð¯À5¡B15¡B30ppm¡A©M¹ï·Ó²Õ¡A¦@¦³10³B²z²Õ¡A¨C³B²z20°¦¤gµfÀn¡A¤½¥À¦U¥b¡A¤G«½Æ¡A¸ÕÅç¨â¦¸¡AºÙ¶q0¡B3¡B6¡B10¶gÄÖ¤§Å髤ι}®Æ±Ä¹¶q¡A¦Ü10¶gÄÖ°±ÃĨéó°±ÃĤé¤Î°±ÃÄ«á5¡B10¤Ñ³{¾÷¿ï¨ú¤½¥À¦U¤G°¦¡A±O®_¨ú¨ä¦å²G¡B¯Ý¦×¡BµÇŦ¤Î¨xŦ¼Ë«~¥H¤ÀªR´Ý¯d¶q¡C¹}¾iµ²ªG¡A0~3¶gÄÖ²K¥[¦w¤Ú¯À15ppm¡A¾N¬\¯óµß¯À60ppm¤Î¥vÅð¯À5ppm²Õ§¡¸û¹ï·Ó²Õ¼W«¬°Àu(P¡Õ0.05)¡A§Y«e´Áªº²K¥[¹ï«P¶i¥Íªø¦³©úÅ㪺®ÄªG¡A¦Ü0~10¶gÄÖ¤§¥þ´Á¹}¾i¥H¦w¤Ú¯À5¡B15ppm¡A¾N¬\¯óµß¯À30ppm¤Î¥vÅð¯À30ppm¡A¹}®Æ®Ä²v«h»P¼W«®ÄªG¦³§ï¶iªºÁͶÕ(P¡Ö0.05)¡C´N²Õ´´Ý¯d¦Ó¨¥¡A¦w¤Ú¯À¡B¾N¬\¯óµß¯À¤Î¥vÅð¯Àµ¥©ó¦U²K¥[¶q¥Ñ°±ÃÄ«á0~10¤Ñ¡A¦U¶µ²Õ´§¡¥¼ÀË¥X´Ý¯d¡A²Å¦X½Ã¥Í¸p³W©w´Ý¯d¼Ð·Ç¡AµM¥vÅð¯À¦]¨ã¦³§l¦¬©Ê¡A«ØijÀ³¦Ü¤Ö¤¤Ñ°±ÃÄ´Á¡C
ÃöÁäµü¡G¤gµfÀn¡B¥Íªø©Ê¯à¡B²Õ´´Ý¯d¡B¦w¤Ú¯À¡B¾N¬\¯óµß¯À¡B¥vÅð¯À¡C
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¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¹ï¦UºØ¯b¸V¡A¥i«P¶i¥Íªø¤Î´£°ª¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¡A¦´Á¤w¦³½Ñ¦h³ø§i(Pensack et al¡A1982¡FBougou¡A1975¡FMoore et al¡A1946¡F°¨µ¥¡A1968¡FMa et al¡A1966¡FBranion et al¡A1953¡FÀ¹µ¥¡A1977)¡C¥»¬Ù¤»¤Q¤K¦~¤½¥¬¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¨Ï¥Î³W½d¥H¨Ó¡A¦]¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«ºØÃþÁc¦h¡A¦UºØ®a¯b¸Vªº¾A¥Î®ÄªG¤£¤@¡A¬G¥»¤À©Ò¤w°õ¦æ¤¦~¡A¨t¦C©Ê°w¹ï¤Q¤ºØ¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«Áý¹}¤gµfÀnªº¥Íªø®ÄªG¤Î²Õ´´Ý¯d¶q¥[¥H¸ÕÅç¡A´Á¥H«Ø¥ß¦UºØ¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«ªº§¹¾ã¸ÕÅç¨Ì¾Ú¡A´£¨Ñ¬°¨Ï¥Î·Ç«h(¦æ¬F°|¹A·~©eû·|¡A1988)¤§°Ñ¦Ò¤ÎÀ³¥Î¡C
§÷®Æ»P¤èªk
¸ÕÅç¶i¦æ¨â¦¸¡A¨C¦¸§¡¤À¬°10³B²z²Õ¡A¨C³B²z¤G«½Æ¡A¨C«½Æ20°¦¡A¤T«~ºØ¤gµfÀn¤½¥À¦U¥b¡C¸ÕÅçÀn°¦«e´Á(0~3wk)¤Î«á´Á(4~10wk)¤À§OÁý¤©§tCP 18.7¡AME 2885 kcal¡þkg¤ÎCP 16.0¡AME 2900 kcal¡þkg¤§¯»®Æ¹}³(¦pªí1)¡C¤£½×«e«á´Á¹}³¤TºØ¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¤§¨Ï¥Î¶q¤À§O¬°¦w¤Ú¯À(Avoparcin)5¡B10¡B15ppm¡F¾N¬\¯óµß¯À(Zinc Bacitracin)5¡B30¡B60ppm¡A¤Î¥vÅð¯À(Spiramycin)5¡B15¡B30ppm¡CÀn°¦©ó²Ä0¡B3¡B6¤Î10¶gÄÖ®ÉÓ§O¯¯«¤Î¯¯¶q¦U²Õ¹}®ÆÄá¨ú¶q¡C²Ä10¶gÄÖ¥H«á¦U²Õ°±ÃÄ¡A¹}¤©ªÅ¥Õ¹}³¦Ü80¤éÄÖ¡C²Ä10¶gÄÖ°±ÃĮɤΰ±Ãīᤧ²Ä5¤Ñ¤Î²Ä10¤Ñ®É¡A¦U«½Æ³{¾÷©â¨ú¤½¥À¦U¤G°¦¡AÄ묹¨ú¨ä¦å²G¡B¨x¡BµÇ¤Î¯Ý¦Ùµ¥²Õ´¼Ë«~¡A¥H¨Ñ¬°´Ý¯d¶q¤ÀªR¤§¥Î¡C²Õ´¤¤§Ü¥Í¯À´Ý¯d¶q¤§¤ÀªR±Ä¥ÎA.O.A.C¤§·L¥Íª«ªk(§YCylinder-platemethod)(´¿µ¥¡A1980¡F³Å¡A1988¡F¤é¥»¹AªL¤ô²£¬Ù¡A1990¡FGrave and Randall¡A1969)¡C
ªí1. °ò¦¹}³²Õ¦¨(¢H)
Table 1. The composition of basal diets.
Ingredients | Starter(0~3wks) | Finisher(4~10wks) |
Yellow corn | 64.53 | 66.45 |
Soybean meal(44¢HCP) | 22.2 | 16.6 |
Fish meal(65¢H) | 2.5 | 1.0 |
Yeast meal | 2.0 | 1.5 |
Wheat bran | 5.0 | 10.0 |
Lard | 0.8 | 1.5 |
Limestone, pulverized | 0.8 | 1.0 |
Dicalcium phosphate | 1.2 | 1.0 |
Iodized salt | 0.3 | 0.3 |
DL-Methionine | 0.07 | 0.05 |
L-Lysine | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Vit-premixa | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Min-premixa | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Calculated Value Crude Protein(¢H) Metabolizable Energy(kcal / kg) |
¡@ 18.7 2886 |
¡@ 16.0 2900 |
a. Vit-and min-premix supplementation per kilogram of ration were : Vitamin A, 8,000 IU ; Vitamin D3, 1,200 ICU ; Vitamin E, 10 IU ; Vitamin K, 2mg ; Thiamin, 2mg ; Riboflavin, 5mg ; Pyridoxin, 0.2mg Vitamin B12 ,0.03mg ; Ca-pantothenate, 10 mg ; Niacin, 50 mg ; Biotin, 0.1mg ; Folic acid, 0.5mg ; Choline, 300mg ; Mn, 50mg ; Zn, 60mg ; Cu, 10mg ; Se, 0.15mg ; Fe, 80mg.
µ²ªG»P°Q½×
¤£¦P¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¹ï¦U´Á¼W«µ²ªG¼vÅT¦pªí2¡A0~3¶gÄÖ¼W«¡A¥HAvoparcin 15ppm¡AZinc bacitracin 60ppm¤ÎSpiramycin 5ppm¦U²Õ¤ñ¹ï·Ó²Õ¦³«P¶i¼W«¤§®ÄªG(P¡Õ0.05)¡A¦ÓAvoparcin 5¡B10ppm¡AZinc Bacitracin 5ppm¤ÎSpiramycin 30 ppm¦U²Õ§¡¸û¹ï·Ó²Õ¼W«§C¦³ÅãµÛ®t²§(P¡Õ0.05)¡A¥i¨£«e´Á¹}³ªº¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¡A¹ï¼W«®ÄªGªº¼vÅT¸û¬°ÅãµÛ¡F¦ý3~6¤Î6~10¶gÄÖ¼W«´N®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ(P¡Ö0.05)¡F¦Ü©ó3~10¶gÄÖAvoparcin 5¡B15ppm¡AZinc Bacitracin 30 ppm¤ÎSpiramycin 30ppm²Õ¼W«µy¦n¡A¦ý²Îp¤W®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ¡F¦A±´°Q¥þ´Á0~10¶gÄÖ¡AAvoparcin 5¡B15ppm¡AZinc Bacitracin 30¡B60ppm¤ÎSpiramycin 30ppmµ¥²Õ¼W«³Ì¨Î(P¡Ö0.05)¡A«h¬O¦¹´Á¼W«»P3~10¶gÄ֮ɪº¼W«ÁͶմX¥G¤@P¡C¥Ñ¦¹¥iª¾°£¤FSpiramycin¥H¥~¡A«e«á´Á¼W«·|¼vÅT³Ì²×Åé«¡A¥B¬Ý¥X«e´ÁAvoparcin¤ÎZinc Bacitracinn°ª¾¯¶q²K¥[¡A¦Ü«á´Á¥un²K¥[¤¤§C¾¯¶q¹ï¼W«§Y¦³®ÄªG¡A¨ä¦]«Y¦¨ªø¤Î±Ä¹¶q¼W¦h¡A¬G¹}®Æ²K¥[¶q¤]¥i¥Ñ°ª¾¯¶qÂàÅܬ°¤¤§C¾¯¶q¡A²Å¦X¤@¯ëªº¹}¾i±`²z¡C±©Spiramycin«o¬O«e´Án²K¥[¤¤§C¾¯¶q¡A¦Ü«á´Á»Ý°ª¾¯¶qªº¬Û¤Ïµ²ªG¡C
ªí2. ¤£¦P¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¹ï¤gµfÀn¦U´Á¼W«¤§¼vÅT
Table 2. Effect of different feed additives on the weight gain of mule ducks at different growing stages.
Treatments | 0~3wks | 3~6wks | 6~10wks | 3~10wks | 0~10wks |
¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢wg¡þbird¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w | |||||
Control | 712.8b | 982.3ab | 932.6ab | 1915.0ab | 2610.4ab |
Avoparcin 5ppm 10ppm 15ppm |
¡@ 696.9bc 664.3c 770.1a |
¡@ 1056.3a 957.9ab 1029.7ab |
¡@ 966.8a 933.5ab 918.8ab |
¡@ 2020.5a 1909.4ab 1948.5ab |
¡@ 2718.3a 2573.7b 2718.5a |
Zinc Bacitracin 5ppm 30ppm 60ppm |
¡@ 699.4bc 717.4b 759.5a |
¡@ 1059.5a 1037.5ab 1011.4ab |
¡@ 837.1b 934.6ab 874.5ab |
¡@ 1896.7b 1972.2ab 1886.1b |
¡@ 2596.1ab 2689.6ab 2645.6ab |
Spiramycin 5ppm 15ppm 30ppm C.V. |
¡@ 732.5ab 719.8b 697.8bc 11.62 |
¡@ 1027.9ab 1011.9ab 954.2b 16.58 |
¡@ 829.9b 874.3ab 991.4a 26.27 |
¡@ 1857.9b 1886.1b 1945.4ab 12.47 |
¡@ 2590.4b 2605.7ab 2643.1ab 9.21 |
abc¡GMeans with the same letters within same column are not significantly different (P¡Ö0.05)
C.V.¡GCofficient of variation.
¹}®Æ®Ä²v¦pªí3¡A¦U²Õ0~3¶gÄÖ¹}®Æ®Ä²v³£¤ñ¹ï·Ó²Õ²¤§C(P¡Ö0.05)¡A¦Ó¦UºØ¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«²Õ¶¡¡A°£Spiramycin 5ppm²Õ¥H¥~¡A¦pAvoparcin¤ÎZinc Bacitracin²Õ¶¡¡A¹ï¼W«¡B´£°ª¹}®Æ®Ä²v¥ç¦³¸û¨ÎªºÁͶÕ(P¡Ö0.05)¡F3~6¶gÄÖ²K¥[²Õ¤ñ¹ï·Ó²Õµy¦³§ï¶i¡F¦Ü©ó6~10¤Î3~10¶gÄÖ¹}®Æ®Ä²v¡A¥HAvoparcin 5¡B15ppm¡AZinc Bacitracin 30¡B60ppm¤ÎSpiramycin 30ppm²Õ¡AÀH«á´Áªº¼W«°ª¡A¹}®Æ®Ä²v¤]¤ñ¹ï·Ó²Õµy¦n(P¡Ö0.05)¡F¦A¾Ú¥þ´Á0~10¶gÄÖ¡A¹}®Æ®Ä²v»P«á´Á¦¨ªø3~10¶gÄÖµ²ªG¤@¼Ë¡A¥HAvoparcin 5¡B15ppm²Õ§ï¶i²v¬°1.14¢H¡AZinc Bacitracin 30¡B60ppm¡A§ï¶i²v2.84¢H¤ÎSpiramycin 30ppm²Õ¡A§ï¶i²v1.99¢H¡A¦U¤ñ¹ï·Ó²Õ¦³¸û¨Î¹}®Æ®Ä²v¤§ÁͶաC
ªí3. ¤£¦P¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¹ï¤gµfÀn¦U´Á¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¤§¼vÅT
Table 3. Effent of different feed additives on the feed efficiency of mule ducks
Treatments | 0~3wks | 3~6wks | 6~10wks | 3~10wks | 0~10wks |
Control | 2.08 | 2.40 | 5.78 | 4.02 | 3.52 |
Avoparcin 5ppm 10ppm 15ppm |
¡@ 2.35 2.32 2.15 |
¡@ 2.43 2.41 2.42 |
¡@ 5.46 5.83 5.79 |
¡@ 3.88 4.08 4.01 |
¡@ 3.49 3.63 3.48 |
Zinc Bacitracin 5ppm 30ppm 60ppm |
¡@ 2.28 2.22 2.17 |
¡@ 2.33 2.35 2.18 |
¡@ 6.22 5.54 6.13 |
¡@ 4.04 3.86 4.01 |
¡@ 3.57 3.42 3.48 |
Spiramycin 5ppm 15ppm 30ppm |
¡@ 2.24 2.35 2.18 |
¡@ 2.27 2.40 2.33 |
¡@ 6.27 6.07 5.41 |
¡@ 4.05 4.08 3.90 |
¡@ 3.53 3.61 3.45 |
Significance C.V.¢H |
NS 7.66 |
NS 5.98 |
NS 7.78 |
NS 3.61 |
NS 3.11 |
NS¡Gnon significance
C.V¡Gas Table 2.
¤Wz¤TºØ¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¡A¹ï©ó¨ä¥L®a¸Vªº«P¶i¥Íªø¤Î¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²vªºÀ³¥Î¡A¾Ú¦´Á³ø§i¡A¹}³¤¤§tBacitracin Methylene disalicylate 17.1ppmÁý¹}¤p¤õÂû8¶gÄÖ¡A¥i¼W¶i4.6¢HÅé«¡A¨Ãµy¦³§ï¶i¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¡A¤×¨ä2~4¶gÄÖ¼W«®Ä²v¤ñ¸û¤j¡A¦ÓÀH¦~ÄÖ¼Wªø¦Ó´î§C(Potter et al¡A1971)¡F¥HZinc Bacitracin 55mg¹}¾i¤p¤õÂû3¶gÄÖ¥i´£°ª¼W«¡A¦Ó»P¨Å»Ä±ìµß(Lactobacillus)»s¾¯¨Ö¥Î¡A¤]¤£¤ñBacitracin³æ¥Î®É¼W«§ó¤j¡A¥u¥i§ï¶i¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¦Ó¤w¡A¥ç¤£´î§C®ø¤Æ¾¹©x¤º¦n®ðµß¸s(aerobe count)¡A¦ý·|´î¤Ö¤j¸zµß¸s(coliform count)¡A¥Ñ¦¹»{¬°Bacitracin¹ï©ó§í¨î¤j¸z±ìµßªº¦³¾÷Åé¡A¨ã¦³¥æ·P®ÄÀ³(Francis et al¡A1987)¡F¤½¤õÂû¥HZinc Bacitracin 15©Î25mg¡þkgÁý¹}20¶g¡A¼W«ÅãµÛ¸û¨Î¡A¦ý¥À¤õÂû«h»Ý¥H45mg¡þkg§t¶q¤è¯àÅãµÛªº§ï¶i¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v(Balander¡A1982¡FKashani and Carlson¡A1980¡FPotter et al¡A1974)¡A¥B°ª¾¯¶qBacitracinÁý4~6¶gÄÖ¤p¤½Âû¥i«P¶i¼W«©M¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¥~¡A¥ç¨Ï¶èÅn¤Î«eG«¼W¥[(Franti et al¡A1972¡A1973)¡C¨Ì¤gµfÀn¹}¾i®ÄªG¡A¹}³²K¥[Zinc Bacitracin 20~50ppm¡A¥i´£°ª¼W«2.3~4.4¢H¤Î¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v4.5~4.8¢H(P¡Ö0.05)(³¯µ¥¡A1980)¡C¦Ó¥»¸ÕÅç¤gµfÀn0~3¶gÄÖÁý¹}Bacitracin 60ppm²Õ¡AÅãµÛ¦a´£°ª¼W«6.5¢H¡A¦Ó¥þ´Á0~10¶gÄÖ¥u¼W«1.3¢H¡A®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ¡A¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¥ç¦³¬Û¦PÁͶաA³o»P¤Wz¹}¾i¤p¤õÂûªºµ²ªG¬Û§k¦X¡A§Y¹ï¦b«e´Áªº«P¶i¼W«¦³ÅãµÛ®ÄªG¡C
¦w¤Ú¯À¹}³¤¤²K¥[10ppmªº¨Ï¥Î¡A¥i§ï¶i¦×Âû¼W«3.2¢H¡A¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v3.8¢H(Pensack et al¡A1982)¡A¥B¨ä¥L³ø§i¥çÃÒ¹ê¦w¤Ú¯À¥i¼W¶i¦×Âûªº¹}¾i®ÄªG(¨¦¤fªv¡A1985¡FBougon¡A1975¡FWiedmer and Thomann¡A1976)¡C¨ä¦¸¥H¥É¦Ì¡B¿P³Á¹}³²K¥[7.5ppm¦w¤Ú¯À¡A¥i¦³®Ä§í¨î¦b¤p¸z¤º²ÓM²£®ð©Ê²ó½¤±ìµß(Clostridium Perfrigen)ªº¼W´Þ¡A«P¶i3¶gÄÖ¤pÂûªº¼W«¡A¬G¦w¤Ú¯À²K¥[»P¹}¾i¤éÄÖ¦³¬ÛÃö(Hofshagen and Kaldhusdal¡A1992)¡F¦b¤gµfÀn¦´Á¹}¾i¸ÕÅç¡A¹}³²K¥[¦w¤Ú¯À10ppm¡A©ó0~3¶gÄ֮ɥi´£°ª¼W«3~6¢H¡A§ï¶i¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v0.4¢H~3¢H¡A¦Ü4~10¶gÄÖ¤]´£°ª¼W«0.7~2¢H(¼ïµ¥¡A1985)¡C¦Ó¥»¸ÕÅç¹}³¤¤¥H15ppm²K¥[¶q¡A¦b0~3¶gÄÖ¥i´£°ª¼W«8.0¢H(P¡Ö0.05)¡A¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¤Ï¦Ó¤ñ¹ï·Ó²Õ²¤®t4.8¢H¡A¥þ´Á0~10¶gÄÖ¼W«»P¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¦U§ï¶i4.1¢H¡B1.1¢H¡A¦ý®t²§¤£ÅãµÛ(P¡Ö0.05)¡A¦ý¤´µM»P«e´Á¦³§ï¶i¼W«ªº®ÄªG§k¦X¡C
Spiramycin²K¥[©ó¹}³°µ¬°«P¶i®a¸V¥Íªøªº³ø§i©|¤Ö¨£¡A¾Ú¹}®Æ¯ÅSpiramycin Embonate²K¥[28ppm¡AÁý¹}4¶gÄÖ¦×Âû¥i´£°ª¼W«14¢H¡A¦Ü8¶gÄÖ´N°§C¼W«(Heth and bird¡A1961)¡A¾ÚPotter et al.(1962)¤]»{¬°²K¥[5~20ppm SpiramycinÁý¹}4¶gÄÖ¤pÂû¥iÅãµÛ¼W«2.8~1.7¢H¡A¦ý¦Ü8¶gÄÖ¼W«¤Ï¦Ó¸û®t¡C¥B¥H¹ê¥Î¹}³²K¥[5~500ppm SpiramycinÁý¹}4~14¤éÄÖ¤p¦×Âû¡A¥i¨Ï¸zºÞ¤º§t´á¿@«×´î¤Ö¡A¦Ó«P¶i´áÄá¨ú¶q¤Îº¢¯d¶q¡A·N§Y¨C¼W«10¢H¡A´N´î¤Ö1.8¢H´á±Æªn¤ñ²v(Heth et al¡A1963)¡A¾Ú¥»¸ÕÅç¤gµfÀnªº¹}¾i¦¨ÁZ¡A¦b0~3¶gÄÖ«e´Á¤ñ«á´Á4~10¶gÄÖ¼W«©M¹}®Æ§Q¥Î®Ä²v¸û¨Î¤§ÁͶաA»P«e¤H©Òz«e´Á¼W«®ÄªG¤ñ«á´Á¬°¨Î¤§µ²½×¬Û¥é¡A¦ýÀ³¥Î®ÄªG¤£¦p¦×ÂûÅãµÛ¡C
¤gµfÀn²Õ´¾¹©x¤¤ÃĪ«´Ý¯d¶q¤§´ú©w¨ä¸Ô²Óµ²ªG¦pªí4©Ò¥Ü¡A¤gµfÀn¤é³¤¤²K¥[§C¾¯¶q5ppm¤§¦w¤Ú¯À¡A¸g10¶g¹}¾i«áÀnÅé²Õ´¾¹©x¤¤§¡µL§Ü¥Í¯À´Ý¯d¡AY±N¾¯¶q´£°ª¦Ü10¤Î15ppm®É¤´¤£·|²£¥Í´Ý¯d²{¶H¡A§¡²Å¦X½Ã¥Í¸p©Ò¤½§G¤£±o¦³´Ý¯d¤§¼Ð·Ç(¦æ¬F°|½Ã¥Í¸p¡A1987)¡FY¤é³¤¤¤À§O²K¥[5¡B30¥H¤Î60ppm¤§¾N¬\¯óµß¯À¡A¸g10¶g¹}¾iµ²§ô¡A©Ò¦³¨Ñ¸Õ¸Õ¼Ë¥ç§¡µLµo²{¥ô¦ó§Ü¥Í¯À´Ý¯d¡A¥ç²Å¦X½Ã¥Í¸p´Ý¯d¾¯¶q¬°¹s(0ppm)¤§³W©w(¦æ¬F°|½Ã¥Í¸p¡A1987)¡F¦¹¥~¡A¤gµfÀn¤é³¤¤Y¤À§O¨Ï¥Î¥vÅð¯À5»P15¡B30ppmµ¥¤TºØ¾¯¶q¸g10¶g¹}¾i¡AÀnÅé²Õ´¾¹©x¤¤´Ý¯d¾¯¶q§¡µLªk³QÀË¥X¡CBacitracin¦húdÃþ(polypeptides)§Ü¥Í¯À»PPenicillinÃþ§Ü¥Í¯À¨ã¦³¬Û¦ü©Êª¬¡A§YÃø¥Ñ®ø¤Æ¾¹©x§l¦¬¡AµM¹ï©óµÇŦ·¥¨ã¬r©Ê¡A¥H¤HÃþ¨C¤½¤çÅé«3000UªA¥Î¡A±N·|²£¥Íµo¯l¡B·kÄoµ¥¹L±Ó©Ê¯gª¬¡A©Î¬O¹Ã¦R¡B¹¼¤¤£®¶¡B¤Uµgµ¥®ø¤Æ©Ê»Ùê(¤G®c¡A1987)¡C¤]´N¬O«D¸g¤fªA´N·|¦³µÇ»Ù®`©Î¹L±Ó¯gª¬¡A¦Ó¤fªA¦³®ø¤Æ»Ùꤧ¹ú¡AÁöµM¸g¤fªA§l¦¬Ãø¡A¦ý¤j¶q¨Ï¥Î®É¡A¦³¨Ç³¡¤À·|³Q§l¦¬¡A¤À¥¬©óÅ餺¦U³¡¦ì¡A¦Ó¥Dn¥i¹¦Ù¦×¡An¬O°·±d²Õ´µu®É¶¡¤º´N·|®ø¥¢¡A¶È¦³µÇ¡B¨x¡BªÍŦ´Ý¯d®É¶¡¤ñ¸ûªø¨Ç¡A¤×¨ä¬OÁx¥Ä¤º¸û¥i¯à°ª¿@«×«ùÄò©Ê´Ý¯d(¤G®c¡A1987)¡C
ªí4. ¤gµfÀnÁý¹}¹}®Æ²K¥[ª««á²Õ´¾¹©x¤¤´Ý¯d¶q
Table 4. Tissue residues of mule ducks treated with Avoparcin, Zinc-Bacitracin and Spiramycin.
Additives | Drug residue in tissue | ||||||||||||
Blood | Liver | Kidney | Breast muscle | ||||||||||
0 | 5 | 10* | 0 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 10 | ||
¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢wppm¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w | |||||||||||||
Avoparcin | 0 5 10 15 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
Zinc Bacitracin | 0 5 30 60 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
Spiramycin | 0 5 15 30 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 0 0 0 |
Data are the mean of 16 brids.
*Duration after drug use ceased(day).
Avoparcin¬O¤@ºØÓi°òÁÞúeÃþ(aminoglycosides)§Ü¥Í¯À»P¨ä¥¦¦húdÃþ§Ü¥Í¯À¤@¼Ë¡A¸zºÞ¤º«D§l¦¬©Ê¡A¬G¨ä¦³Ãö²Õ´´Ý¯d¶q³ø§i¬Æ¤Ö¡A¾Ú¸(1983)«ü¥X¥H¦w¤Ú¯À10~40ppmÁý¹}Åé«30kg¥H«e¥J½Þ¡A©Î5~20ppm¹ïÅé«30kg¥H«á¤¤½Þ¡A©Ò¦C°±ÃÄ´Á¬°¹s¡A¥B¨H(1983)ºÙ¡A¦w¤Ú¯À§Üµß¾¯¹ï¦×Âû¹}®Æ²K¥[ª«¡A¨ä¾¯¶q¦b2.5~50ppm¤§¶¡¡AY¨Ï¥Î§C¾¯¶q®É§¡¤£»Ýn°±ÃÄ´Á¡C»P¥»¸ÕÅçAvoparcin¨Ï¥Î¶q5~15ppm¡AÀnÅé²Õ´¤º´Ý¯d¶qµLªkÀË¥Xµ²ªG¤@P¡C
Spiramycin»P¨ä¥L¦PÃþªº¥¨ÀôÃþ(macrolide)§Ü¥Í¯À¡A¦bÅ餺¥i¥H°ª¿@«×ªºªø®É¶¡ªººû«ù¡A¦]¦¹°µ¬°·P¬V¯gªºªvÀø¡A´N¯àªø®Ä©Êªº«ùÄòÃĥΡA¦ý¨ä°Æ§@¥Î©Î¬r©Ê¤]¬Û¹ïªº«P¦¨¹ú®`¡A©ÛP¯b²£«~ªºÃĪ«´Ý¯d©Î²¾¦æ¤D¥i·Q¦Óª¾¡A©Ò¥H¥²¶··V¥Î¡C¾Ú¨ä¬r©Ê¸ÕÅç¤p¥Õ¹«¥H¨C¤½¤çÅ髤fªASpiramycin 1000mg³sÄò90¤Ñ¡A¦b¨xŦGlisson'sÀT¤p¸¶¡ÀR¯ß¤ÎÁxºÞ¾À¡A©PÃä¨x²ÓMµ¥¦³§½³¡©Ê¯×ªÕ®û¼í¼Ëªº¶ê«¬ªÅM¥X²{¡A¦ÓµÇŦBowman'sÅn¤ò²yÅé¤ò²ÓºÞ¾À¦³¸~µÈ¤ÎªÅM¡A§¿²ÓºÞ¥D³¡ºÞ¾À¦³²V¿B¸~µÈ¡AºÞµÄ¤ºº¯¦³¬õ¦å²y¤Î¬Ý¥X¤W¥Ö²ÓMªºéÂ÷¡A§¿²ÓºÞ¤U³¡¥ç¬°¤§¯B¸~¤Î²J¦åµ¥åÀ˪º²§ª¬¡A¦Ó200mg¥H¤UªÌ«h¬OµL®`ªºµ²½×(¤á¤ì¥Ð¡A1987)¡C¦¹¥~¥H¤p¥Õ¹«Áý¹}Spiramycin embonate 700mg¡þkg¡A90¤Ñ³sÄò§ëªA¡A¦å²G¥Í¤ÆÀˬd¥u¦³ÆP©ÊÁC»Äú@(alkaline phosphatase)»´«×¤Wª@¥H¥~¡A¬Ý¤£¥X¯S§Oªº²§ª¬¡A¦Ó¯f²z²Õ´¤]¥u¦³µÊŦªº²Óºô²ÓM¦³¼W´Þ¡A¥i¨£¦p¦¹¾¯¶qªø´Áµ¹¤©¡A¤]¥¼¥²¦³¯S®íªº²§ª¬¡A¬O¦w¥þ©Ê·¥°ªªº²K¥[ª«(¥Õ¤ôµ¥¡A1987)¡F¹}³¤¤²K¥[20ppm Spiramycin¡A¹}¾i¤pÂû8¶g«á¡A²Õ´¤¤¤]¥¼ÀË¥X§Ü¥Í¯À´Ý¯d¡AY¥H1000ppm·¥¤j¶q¡A°£¤F¨xŦÀË¥X´Ý¯d¥H¥~¡A¦Ù¦×¤¤¤´¥¼ÀË¥X¡A¦ý°±ÃÄ«á7¤Ñ¨xŦ¤¤¤´¦³´Ý¯d¡A¥BÂûÅ餺Spiramycinªº¥Íª«¾Ç¥b´î´Á±À©w¬°2.4¤Ñ(Yoshida et al¡A1971)¡F¨H(1983)´£¥Ü¡A¥vÅð¯À¾¯¶q¦b2.2~55ppm¤§¶¡¡A§C¥Î¶q®É§¡¤£»Ý°±ÃÄ´Á¡A¬G¥»¸ÕÅç¹ï©ó¤gµfÀn5~30ppmªº¨Ï¥Î¾¯¶q¡A¦Ü°±ÃÄ·í¤Ñ¤]¥¼ÀË¥X´Ý¯d¶q¡A¦ý¦]¥¨ÀôÃþ§Ü¥Í¯ÀªºÃĩʧl¦¬§Ö³t¡AÁöµM¥ÍÅ餺ªº§l¦¬¿@«×¡A¸g¤f§ëªA·¥¬°§C¯à²v¡A¦ý¤@¥¹³Q§l¦¬¡A¥i¦bÅ餺ªø®É¶¡º¢¯d(¤G®c¡A1987)¡C
Á`¤§¡A¤gµfÀn¤é³Y¨Ï¥Î15ppm¥H¤U¾¯¶q¤§¦w¤Ú¯À©Î60ppm¥H¤U¤§¾N¬\¯óµß¯À¤Î30ppm¥H¤U¤§¥vÅð¯Àµ¥¤TºØ§Ü¥Í¯À¡A¹}¾i10¶g«á¡A¨ä¦å²G¡BµÇŦ¡B¨xŦ¥H¤Î¯Ý¦Ùµ¥¥|ºØ¥i¹²Õ´¾¹©x¤¤¡A§¡¤£·|¦³´Ý¯d§Ü¥Í¯À¤§µ²ªG¡A·N§YµL´Ý¯d¤§ÅU¼{¡A¤]¤£¥²¦Ò¼{°õ¦æ°±ÃÄ´Á¤§³W©w¡C¦ý¥vÅð¯À¦]¨ã§l¦¬©Ê¡AnÂÔ·V¨Ï¥Î¾¯¶q¡A¨Ã¯à°õ¦æ¦Ü¤Ö¤¤Ñ°±ÃÄ´Á¡A¨Ï¨ä¦w¥þ©Ê§ó©P©µ¡C¡e°ª²£¬ã¨s24(4)¡f
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