¥Íªø¿E¯À¦b¨Å¤û¹}¾iºÞ²z¤§À³¥Î
ºKn
¹T¹A̹}¾iªº¨Å¤û¦bª`®g¤û¥Íªø¿E¯À(BST)«á¥i¥H¤j¶q´£°ª²£¨Å¶q10-40¢H¡A©Ò²£¤û¨Å¦¨¥÷¤£ÅÜ¡A¤H̶¼¥ÎµL¦w¥þÅU¼{¡C¦bªc¨Åªì´Áª`®gBST¨ä¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¤§®ÄªG¤£¨Î¡A¦]¦¹«Øij¦b¹Fªc¨Å°ª®p«á¤~¶}©lª`®g¬°¨Î¡C¦¹¥~¡Aªc¨Åªì´Á®É¤û°¦¤w§e¯à¶qt¥¿Åª¬ºA¡A¦b¦¹´Áª`®gBST±N¨Ï¨ä¯à¶qt¥¿Åª¬ºA§ó¬°´c¤Æ¡A¦]¦Ó°§CÁc´Þ®Ä²v¡A«Øij¦b¨ä¹F¯à¶q¥¿¥¿Åª¬ºA©Î²Ä¤G¦¸¤H¤u¨üºë«á¤~ª`®gBST¡C¤£½×¦b¦³µL¼öºò¢Àô¹Ò¤U¤û°¦ª`®gBST³£¦³ªñ¦ü¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q®ÄªG¡AµM¦Ó¡A¦¹¨Ã¤£±Æ°£¦b¼öºò¢Àô¹Ò¤U¤û°¦ª`®gBST»P§_¡A³£À³´£¨Ñ¤û°¦§N«o¨t²Î¥H°§C¼öºò¢¤§«n©Ê¡C¤û°¦¸g¹L³sÄò¥|Óªc¨Å´Áª`®gªø®Ä©ÊBST¡A¨ä¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¤§®ÄªG¥¼´î§C¡A¦ýY¨C¤éª`®gµu®Ä©ÊBST¨ä¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¤§®ÄªG¡A¦b²Ä¤GÓªc¨Å´Á´N¶}©l´î§C¡C¨}¦nªº¹}¾iºÞ²z¨î«×¤Î§Q¥ÎBCS¨Óµû¦ô¤û°¦ªºÀç¾iª¬ºA¬°¤û°¦ª`®grBST¦¨¥\»P§_ªºn¥ó¡C
¤@¡B«e¨¥
¦¦b¤¤Q¦h¦~«e«X°ê¤H´Nµo²{¤û°¦ª`®g¤û¸£¤U««ÅéµÑ¨úª«¥i¥H´£°ª²£¨Å¶q(Azimov and Krouze, 1937)¡A¦b¥Á°ê38¦~^°ê¤HCotesµ¥ÃÒ©ú¸£¤U««ÅéµÑ¨úª«¤¤¥i¥H´£°ª²£¨Å¶qªºª«½è¬°BST¦Ó«Dªc¨Å¯À(prolactin)©Î¿EµÇ¤W¸¢¥Ö½è¯À(ACTH)¡AµM¦Ó¡A±ý¹F´£°ª²£¨Å¶q®ÄªG»Ýn¤j¶q¤û°¦¸£¤U««Åé¡A¨Ï±o³o¨Çµo²{µLªk°Ó·~¤ÆÀ³¥Î¡Cª½¨ì1980¦~¥NDNA«²Õ§Þ³Nªº§Ö³tµo®i¡A¥Íªø¿E¯À¤~±o¥H¤j¶q¥Í²£¡C¦b«²Õ¤û°¦¥Íªø¿E¯À(recombinant bovine somatotropin¡FrBST)²£«~¶}µo«á¡A¤w¦³¶W¹L¤G¸UÀY¨Å¤û°Ñ»P¤@¤d¶µ¥H¤WªºrBST¸ÕÅç¡A¸g¹LµL¼Æ¾ÇªÌ¡B±M®a¤Î¹T¹A̪º¬ã¨s¡B¸ÕÅç¤Î°Q½×¡A¬ü°ê¹«~»PÃĪ«ºÞ²z§½(FDA)´N(1)rBST¥i¥H¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¡F(2)ª`®grBST¤û°¦©Ò²£¤û¨Å¨ä¦¨¥÷»P¥¼ª`®gªÌµL²§¡F(3)¹ï¤HÅé¤Î¤û°¦°·±dµL¤£¨}¼vÅT¡F(4)¹ïÀô¹Ò¼vÅT¤£¤jµ¥¨Æ¹ê²×©ó¦P·N©s¤s³£(Monsanto)¤½¥q©Ò¥Í²£ªºrBST(Posilac)R¥i©ó¥Á°ê83¦~2¤ë°_©ó¬ü°ê¾P°â¡A¤W¥«¤TÓ¤ë´N¤w½æ¥X¶W¹L¤@¦Ê¸U¤ä°w¾¯¡CÁöµM¦p¦¹¡A¤´¦³¤£¤Ö¹T¹A¤Î¨Å«~¤½¥qµ¥¦]®`©ÈÄvª§¤£¹L¤j¨Å¤û³õ©Î®ø¶OªÌªº©Ú¶R³o¨Ç¤û¨Å¡A¦]¦Ó¤Ï¹ï¨Ï¥ÎrBST¡C¥Ø«erBST¤w©ó¬ü°ê¡B¾¥¦èô¡B¤Ú¦è¡Bô´µ¹F¾¤¥[¡B±¶§Jµ¥°ê¨Ï¥Î¡A¦pªGrBST±N¨Ó¦b¥xÆW®Öã¤W¥«¡A¨º»ò¡A¤£ºÞ±z¬O§_³ßÅw¨Ï¥ÎrBST¡A§ÚÌ¥²¶·ª¾¹D¦p¦ó¨Ï¥Î³o¶µ¬ì§Þ²£ª«¡A¦p¦óºÞ²zrBST¤û¡A¥H¤Î¦pªG¨M©w¤£¨Ï¥ÎrBST¡AÀ³¦p¦ó±q¹}¾iºÞ²z¤W§ï¶i¨Ó©M±Ä¥ÎrBSTªº¨Å¤û³õÄvª§¡C
¤G¡B¤°»ò¬O«²Õ¤û°¦¥Íªø¿E¯À¡H
«²Õ¤û°¦¥Íªø¿E¯À(rBST)¬Oªñ¥N¥Íª«¬ì§Þªº²£ª«¡A¥¦¬O¥Ñ¤ûÅé¥ý¤ÀÂ÷¥X¤ÑµMBST°ò¦]¡A¦A±N¦¹°ò¦]´O¤J¤j¸z±ìµß(E. coli)¤º¡A¸gÁc´Þµo»Ã¡B¤ÀÂ÷¤Î¯Â¤Æ²£¥ÍrBST¡C¥Ø«e¦b¬ü°ê¦³¥|®a¤½¥q¬ã¨s¥Í²£rBST¡A¥]¬A´¶±j(Upjohn)¤½¥q©Ò¥Í²£»P¤û°¦¸£¤U««Åé©Ò¤Àªc¤§¤ÑµM¥Íªø¿E¯À§¹¥þ¬Û¦PªÌ¡F©s¤s³£¤½¥qªº¥Íªø¿E¯À(Posilac)R«h¦b´áºÝ(N-terminus)¥H¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä(methionine)¨ú¥N(alanine)¡FÙæÓi¤½¥qªº¥Íªø¿E¯À¸û¤ÑµM¥Íªø¿E¯À¦h¤F¤TÓÓi°ò»Ä¡A¥]¬A¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä¡B¤Ñªù¥VÓi»Ä(aspartate)¤Î¥ÌÓi»Ä(glycine)¡F¦Ó§¨Ó¤½¥qªº¥Íªø¿E¯À(Optiflex)R«h¸û¤ÑµM¥Íªø¿E¯À¦h¤F¤KÓÓi°ò»Ä¡A¥]¬A¥Ò²¸Ói»Ä¡Bf¤þÓi»Ä(phenylalanine)¡B²ãÓi»Ä(proline)¡B¥ÕÓi»Ä(leucine)¡B¤Ñªù¥VÓi»Ä¤ÎÂ÷Ói»Ä(lysine)¡C
¤T¡B¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
(¤@)¨C¤éª`®g©Î¨C¹j14©Î28¤Ñª`®grBST¥H¤Îª`®g¤£¦P¾¯¶q¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
¤û°¦¤£½×¬O±Ä¨C¤éª`®grBST©Î¨C¹j14©Î28¤Ñª`®gªø®Ä©Ê½wºCÄÀ©ñ(prolonged-release injections)ªºrBST¡A§¡¥i¦³®Ä¦a´£°ª²£¨Å¶q10-40¢H¡C¥§¡¨C¤éª`®g¾¯¶q¥Ñ5¦Ü50mg¡A¦ý¥Hª`®g20-40 mg¡þd®ÄªG³Ì¨Î(ªí1)¡C¥Ñ©ó¨C¤éª`®grBST·|¼W¥[³Ò¤O¤Î¤û°¦ºò¢¡A¦]¦¹¡A¥Ø«e¤§¬ã¨s¤Î¦æ¾P§¡´Â¦Vªø®Ä©Ê½wºCÄÀ©ñªºrBST¡C¥Ø«e¦b¬ü°ê°ß¤@®Öã¥Í²£ªºrBST§Y¬°¦Û²£«á60¤Ñ°_¡A¨C¹j14¤Ñª`®g500mg(¥§¡35.7mg¡þd)ªÌ¡C
ªí1. ¤û°¦ª`®g¤£¦P¾¯¶qrBST¹ï²£¨Å¶q(kg¡þd)ªº¼vÅT
rBST(mg¡þd) | °Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm | ||||
0 | 5 | 10-15 | 20-27 | 31-35 | |
24.9 | 28.5 (+14.5¢H) |
28.7 (+15.3¢H) |
29.9 (+20.1¢H) |
30.6 (+22.9¢H) |
Chalupa and Galligan, 1989a |
26.0 | 28.8 (+10.8¢H) |
30.1 (+15.8¢H) |
31.3 (+20.4¢H) |
32.2 (+23.8¢H) |
Chilliard, 1988b |
Adapted form¡GNRC(1994) a°Ñ¦Ò7¶µ¬ã¨sµ²ªG b°Ñ¦Ò20¶µ¬ã¨sµ²ªG |
(¤G)¤£¦Pªc¨Å´Á¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
¦bªc¨Åªì´Áª`®grBST¨ä¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¤§®ÄªG¤£¨Î¡A¨ä¥i¯àì¦]¦³¤G¡G(1)ªc¨Åªì´Á¤û°¦¸£¤U««Åé¤Àªc¤§BST¸û¨ä¥Lªc¨Å´Á¬°°ª¡A©Ò¥H¸g¥Ñª`®grBST¨Ó¨ÏBST¶q¦A¼W¥[¤§®ÄªG¦³(Bines and Hart, 1982)¡F(2)¦bªc¨Åªì´Áª`®grBST¨Ï¤û°¦§ó§e¯à¶qt¥¿Åª¬ºA(Huber, 1995)¡Cªí2Åã¥Ü¤£¦Pªc¨Å´Áª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶q(kg¡þd)¼W¥[ªº¼vÅT¡C¤û°¦¦Ûªc¨Å¶}©l60¤Ñ«áª`®grBST¡A²£¨Å¶q¼W¥[µ{«×«ùÄò¤W¤É¦Üªc¨Å¶}©l«á24¶g¡A¦b²Ä25¦Ü30¶g¶¡²£¨Å¶q¼W¥[µ{«×«h¸û©M½w(Sullivan et al., 1992)¡C¥t¤@¶µ¦b¨È§Q®á¨º¤j¾Çªº¬ã¨sÅã¥Ü¡A§Y¨Ï¤û°¦¦b¥§¡ªc¨Å¤Ñ¼Æ424¤Ñ(½d³ò¦Ûªc¨Å¶}©l279-560¤Ñ)®É¤~¶}©lª`®grBST(500 mg¡þd)¡A¤´µM¥i¥H´£°ª²£¨Å¶q¡A§Y¦Ûª`®g«e30¤Ñ¤§16.1 kg¡þd¼W¥[¬°ª`®g«á30¤Ñ¤§20kg¡þd(Huber et al., 1995)¡C
ªí2. ¤£¦Pªc¨Å´Áª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶q(kg¡þd)¼W¥[ªº¼vÅT
ªc¨Å´Á | ¹ï·Ó²Õ | rBST | ¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q | |
kg¡þd | ¢H | |||
0-12¶g | 34.0 | 37.6 | 3.6 | 10.6 |
13-24¶g | 26.4 | 31.1 | 4.7 | 17.8 |
25-30¶g | 17.0 | 19.7 | 2.7 | 15.9 |
Form¡GSullivan et al., 1992. J. Dairy Sci 75¡G756 *¤û°¦¦Û²£«á60±3¤Ñ°_ª`®grBST 500mg¡þ14d, ¨C¤@³B²z¦³40ÀY¤û¡C |
(¤T)¤£¦P«~ºØ¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
¦b¥@¬É¤£¦P¦a°Ï(¥_¬ü¡B«n¬ü¡B¼Ú¡B¨È¡B¿D¡B«D)ªº¤£¦P«~ºØ¨Å¤û¡A¬Æ¦Ü¥]¬A¼¯©Ô(Murrah)¤ô¤û¡A¦bª`®grBST«á§¡¯à´£°ª²£¨Å¶q¡A¥B¦³Ãþ¦ü®ÄªG(NRC, 1944)¡C¤@¶µ¦b¤Ú¦èªº¬ã¨s(Fontes et al., 1993)¡A²üÄõ»PªÓ®p¤û²VºØ¤§¨Å¤û(1¡þ4¦Ü1¡þ2ªÓ®p¤û)³sÄòª`®grBST 24¶g(0,250,©Î500mg¡þ14d)¨ä²£¨Å¶q¤À§O¬°11.6, 14.1©M14.2kg¡þd¡AÅã¥Ü¤£¦P«~ºØ¤û°¦ª`®grBST¥ç¥i´£°ª²£¨Å¶q¡A¦b¦¹¥çµo²{´N§C²£²VºØ¨Å¤û¦Ó¨¥¡A¤û°¦ª`®grBST 250©Î500 mg¡þ14d¹ï¨ä²£¨Å¶q¼W¥[µ{«×¨S¦³«Ü¤j®t§O(21.6¢H vs 22.4¢H)¡Cªí3Åã¥Ü°£¤F²üÄõ¤û¥~¡A®S¬À¤û(Jersey)¡B·ç¤û¶À¤û(Brown Swiss)¤Î®Jº¸®L¤û(Ayrshire)¦bª`®grBST«á¥ç¯à´£°ª²£¨Å¶q¡C
(¥|)¤£¦P²£¦¸¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¡A²£¦¸¶V°ª¨ä²£¨Å¶q¼W¥[¦Ê¤À¤ñ¤]¶V°ª(ªí3)¡Cªí3¥ç»¡©ú¤Fªì²£¤ûª`®g¨¬°÷¾¯¶qªºrBST¥ç¥i¹F¬Û·í®ÄªG¡Cªí4Åã¥Ü¤£¦P²£¦¸¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT¡A¤£½×´N²£¨Å¶q¡B3.5¢H¨Å¯×®Õ¥¿¨Å©Î¦¨¼ô¬Û·í²£¨Å¶q(ME)¼W¥[ªºµ{«×¦Ó¨¥¡Aª`®grBSTªºªì²£¤û§¡¸û¸g²£¤û¬°§C¡CNRC(1994)«ü¥X¦h¼Æ¬ã¨sµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¸g²£¤ûª`®grBST¦³¸û¨Î®ÄªG¡A¦ý¥ç¦³¤CÓ¬ã¨sµ²ªGÃÒ©ú¨âªÌª`®grBST¦³Ãþ¦ü®ÄªG¡A¥i¯à¦]¨âªÌ²£¨Å¶q¤£¦P¡Bªc¨Å¦±½u¤£¦P¤Îªì²£¤û©|¥¼¹F¦¨¼ôÅé«¡A¦³¸û°ª¥Íªø»Ýn©Ê¡C
ªí3. ¤£¦P«~ºØ¤û°¦¤Î¤£¦P²£¦¸¤§²üÄõ¤û¹ï²£¨Å¶q(kg¡þd)¼W¥[ªº¼vÅTa
«~ºØ | ²£¦¸ | ¹ï·Ó²Õ | rBST(mg¡þd) | ||
12.5 | 25 | 50 | |||
²üÄõ¤û | 1 ¡@ 2 ¡@ 3 ¡@ |
26.6 ¡@ 30.2 ¡@ 25.0 ¡@ |
0.5 (1.9¢H) 2.7 (8.9¢H) 8.4 (33.6¢H) |
2.9 (10.9¢H) 5.9 (19.5¢H) 6.4 (25.6¢H) |
4.9 (18.4¢H) 4.3 (14.2¢H) 7.7 (30.8¢H) |
¨ä¥L¤ûb ¡@ |
ºî¦X ¡@ |
24.5 ¡@ |
4.8 (19.6¢H) |
3.4 (13.9¢H) |
5.8 (23.7¢H) |
a 3.5¢H¨Å¯×®Õ¥¿¨Å Form¡GChalupa et al., 1987b¨ä¥L¤û¥]¬AJersey, Brown Swiss¤ÎAyrshire |
ªí4. ¤£¦P²£¦¸¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï¾ãÓªc¨Å´Á²£¨Å¶q¼W¥[ªº¼vÅT
¶µ¥Ø | ªì²£¤û | ¸g²£¤û |
²£¨Å¶q ¡@ |
255.7kg (3.8¢H) |
857.9kg (15.6¢H) |
3.5¢H¨Å¯×®Õ¥¿¨Å ¡@ |
274.2kg (4.4¢H) |
871.8kg (16.0¢H) |
ME ¡@ |
146.8kg (1.3¢H) |
1263.7kg (14.7¢H) |
From¡GSullivan et al., 1992. J. Dairy Sci. 75¡G756 |
(¤)¤£¦Pªc¨Å¶q¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
ªí5¬°¤£¦Pªc¨Å¶q¤û°¦ª`®grBSTªºµ²ªG¡C®Ú¾Ú¤û°¦¦b°Ñ»P¸ÕÅç«eªº²£¨Å¶q±N¨ä¤À¬°§C²£(27 kg¡þd)¡A¤¤²£(32kg¡þd)¤Î°ª²£(39 kg¡þd)¤T²Õ¡Aµo²{§C²£¤û¸û°ª²£©Î¤¤²£¤û¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¤§µ{«×¬°°ª(Sullivan et al., 1992)¡C
ªí5. ¤£¦Pªc¨Å¶q¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
ªc¨Å´Á | ²Õ§O | ¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q | |
kg¡þd | ¢H | ||
0-12¶g ¡@ ¡@ |
§C ¤¤ °ª |
5.5 2.7 3.5 |
16.6 7.9 10.4 |
13-24¶g ¡@ ¡@ |
§C ¤¤ °ª |
7.5 2.1 6.0 |
31.5 7.7 23.2 |
25-30¶g ¡@ ¡@ |
§C ¤¤ °ª |
4.4 -0.5 4.4 |
31.4 -2.8 24.8 |
From¡GSullivan et al., 1992. J. Dairy Sci. 75¡G756 *®Ú¾Ú¤û°¦¦b¥Í²£«á39-60¤Ñ¤§²£¨Å¶q¤À¬°3²Õ rBST²Õ¤û°¦©ó²£«á60¤Ñ°_ª`®grBST 500mg¡þ14d¡C |
(¤»)¤£¦PÀô¹Ò·Å«×¹ï¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
¹Ï2Åã¥Ü¤£¦P·ÅÀã«×¤§Àô¹Ò·ÅÀã«×«ü¼Æ(temperature-humidity indexes¡FTHI)¤Î¨ä¹ï¤û°¦¨üºò¢µ{«×ªº¼vÅT¡C¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¡A·íTHI¤j©ó72®É¡A¤û°¦§Y¨ü¨ì¼öºò¢¡C¤û°¦ªø´Á¨ü±j«×¼öºò¢(§Y¦bTHI¤j©ó80®É)¡A¦pªG¨S¦³¥ô¦ó§N«o¨t²Î©Î´î¤Ö¤û°¦¤£¾A¤§±¹¬I¡A¨äÄṶq·|¤U°¨Ã¾ÉP²£¨Å¶q¤U°25-35¢H¡C¤û°¦ª`®g rBST¨äÅé·Å·|µy·L¤W¤É¡AÅ餺¥Í¼ö¼W¥[(Sullivan et al., 1992¡FWest, 1994)¡A¦ý³£¦b¥¿±`½d³ò¤º¡A¦Ó¥B¥¼ª`®grBSTªº¤û°¦¦b¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q®É¥ç¦³Ãþ¦ü²{¶H(Tyrrell et al., 1988)¡A¦¹¥~¡ArBST¤û¥ç¦³¸û¤j´²¼ö¯à¤O(West, 1994)¡A¦]¦¹¡A§Ų́䣯à¤Uµ²½×»¡¤û°¦ª`®grBST¾ÉP¨ä¨ü¸û¤j¼öºò¢(NRC, 1994)¡Cªí6Åã¥Ü§Y¨Ï¦b¼öºò¢Àô¹Ò¤U¤û°¦ª`®grBST¥i¥H¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q3.4-48.6¢H(¥§¡¬ù18¢H)¡Cªí7«h¬°¤£¦PÀô¹Ò·Å«×¤U¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT¡Cªí6¤Îªí7ªºµ²ªG¥ç»¡©ú¤F¦b¼öºò¢Àô¹Ò¤U¤û°¦ª`®grBST»PµLºò¢Àô¹Ò¤Uª`®grBSTªÌ¨ä²£¨Å¶q¼W¥[ªºµ{«×Ãþ¦ü¡C
ªí6. ¼öºò¢Àô¹Ò¤U¡A¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
²£¨Å¶q(kg¡þd) | §ïÅܶq (¢H) |
DMI(kg¡þd) | §ïÅܶq (¢H) |
||
¹ï·Ó²Õ | rBST | ¹ï·Ó²Õ | rBST | ||
20.5 | +0.8 | 3.9 | ¢w | ¢w | ¢w |
28.8 | +6.1 | 21.2 | ¢w | ¢w | ¢w |
21.0 | +7.3 | 34.8 | 14.5 | +2.7 | 18.6 |
16.9 | +2.6 | 15.4 | ¢w | ¢w | ¢w |
17.5 | +8.5 | 48.6 | 15.2 | +1.4 | 9.2 |
22.0 | +4.7 | 21.4 | 16.3 | 0 | 0 |
26.5 | +0.9 | 3.4 | 17.3 | -1.3 | -8.1 |
22.7 | +2.1 | 9.2 | 17.8 | -0.5 | -2.9 |
18.8 | +2.5 | 13.3 | ¢w | ¢w | ¢w |
30.8 | +4.4 | 14.3 | 21.5 | +1.6 | 7.4 |
Adapted forn¡GWest, 1994. J. Dairy Sci. 77¡G2091 Lotan et al., 1993. J. Dairy Sci. 76¡G1934 |
ªí7. ¤£¦PÀô¹Ò·Å«×¤U¡A¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
¶µ¥Ø | ¤T¤ë | ¥|¤ë | ¤¤ë | ¤»¤ë | ¤C¤ë | ¤K¤ë |
¤û°¦¼Æ | 54 | 66 | 75 | 78 | 78 | 78 |
¹ï·Ó²Õ(kg¡þd) | 33.5 | 31.6 | 30.8 | 28.6 | 26.0 | 23.5 |
rBST²Õ(kg¡þd) | 37.7 | 35.8 | 36.1 | 33.7 | 31.2 | 28.0 |
¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q(kg¡þd) | 4.2 | 4.2 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 4.5 |
¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q(¢H) | 11.1 | 11.7 | 14.7 | 15.1 | 16.7 | 16.0 |
¥§¡³Ì°ª¤é·Å(¢J) | 22.4 | 28.4 | 32.5 | 37.5 | 35.5 | 35.9 |
Form¡GSullivan et al., 1992. J. Dairy Sci. 75¡G756 *rBST²Õ¤û°¦©ó²£«á60¤Ñ°_ª`®grBST 500mg¡þ14d |
(¤C)¤û°¦±`´Áª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶qªº¼vÅT
ªí8¤û°¦¸g¹L³sÄò¥|Óªc¨Å´Áª`®g½wºCÄÀ©ñ©ÊªºrBST¡A¨ä¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¤§®ÄªG¥¼´î§C¡A¦ýY¨Ï¥Î¨C¤éª`®gªºrBST¨ä¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¤§®ÄªG¡A¦b²Ä¤GÓªc¨Å´Á´N¶}©l´î§C¡C³y¦¨³oºØ®t²§ªºì¦]¥¼ª¾¡A¥i¯à¦]¦´Á¦³Ãö©ó¨C¤éª`®gªºrBSTªº®É¶¡¦h¦b¤À®Y«á4-5¶g(¦Ó«D9-13¶g)©Î¦]¨äÅ髬¤À¼Æ¦bª`®g«e´N¤ñ¥¼ª`®grBSTªº¤û°¦¬°§C(Huber, 1995)¡C¦¹¥~¡A¤û°¦¸g¹L³sÄò¥|Óªc¨Å´Áª`®grBST¸û¥¼ª`®grBSTªº¤û°¦¼W«¸û¤j(195 vs 143kg)¡A¦P®É¦b²Ä¤GÓªc¨Å´Á¤§«á¨ä¨Å¯×¤Î¨Å³J¥Õ²vµy¬°´î§C(Huber et al., 1993)¡C¤@¶µ¦b¥H¦â¦Cªº¬ã¨s¥çµo²{rBST¤û¤§Å髦³¼W¥[±¡§Î(Lotanetal., 1993)¡A¦ý¨ä¥Lªø´Á©Ê¬ã¨s¨Ã¥¼µo²{rBST¤û¤§Å髦³¼W¥[©Î¨Å¦¨¥÷§ïÅܱ¡§Î¡C
ªí8.ªø´Áª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶q(kg¡þd)ªº¼vÅT
¬ã¨s¼Æ | ³sÄòª`®gªc¨Å´Á¼Æ | ¦~ | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
8a | 2 | 9.8 | 11.4 | ¢w | ¢w |
5a | 3 | 7.3 | 8.6 | 6.0 | ¢w |
3a | 4 | 7.3 | 9.7 | 7.0 | 8.4 |
5b | 2 | 9.8 | 5.0 | ¢w | ¢w |
Adapted form¡GHuber, 1995 a½wºCÄÀ©ñ©ÊªºrBST b¨C¤éª`®gªºrBST |
¥|¡B¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï¨Å¦¨¥÷ªº¼vÅT
ªc¨Å¶¥¬q¡B¿ò¶Ç¡B¦~ÄÖ¡B¤é³²Õ¦¨¡B¤û°¦Àç¾iª¬ªp¡BÀô¹Ò¤Î©u¸`µ¥§¡·|¾ÉP¤@¯ë¤û°¦¤§¨Å¯×¤Î¨Å³J¥Õ²v¦³¨Ç³\®t²§¡ArBST¤û©Ò²£¤û¨Å¤§¦¨¥÷¥ç¨ü³o¨Ç¦]¯À¼vÅT¦Ó¦³¤£¦P(NRC, 1994)¡A¨Ã«D¦]ª`®grBST¦Ó¼vÅT¨ä©Ò²£¤û¨Å¤§¨Å¦¨¥÷(ªí9)¡C¤û°¦¦bè¶}©lª`®grBST®É¡A¨Å¯×²v·|¤W¤É¦Ó¨Å³J¥Õ²v·|¤U°¡A¦]¦¹®É¤û°¦·|²¾°Ê¿n¦sÅ餺¿n¦s¤§¯×ªÕ¤Î³J¥Õ½è¥Hº¡¨¬¨ä¦]²£¨Å¶q¼W¥[¦Ó¾ÉPÀç¾i»Ýn¶qªº¼W¥[¡C·í§ÚÌ«ùÄòª`®grBST«á¡A¤û°¦·|¼W¥[±Ä¹¶q¨Óº¡¨¬ªc¨Å»Ý¨D¡A¨Ã¸É¥RÅ餺¿n¦s¤§¯×ªÕ¤Î³J¥Õ½è¡A¦¹®ÉrBST¤û¤§¨Å¯×¤Î¨Å³J¥Õ²v¤£ÅÜ¡C´N¤û°¦ª`®grBST¤§¾ãÓªc¨Å´Á¦Ó¨¥¡A¨ä©Ò²£¤û¨Å¤§¨Å¦¨¥÷¤£ÅÜ(NRC, 1994)¡C
ªí9. ¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï¨Å¦¨¥÷ªº¼vÅT
¶µ ¥Ø | µ²ªG | ¬ã¨s¼Æ |
¨Å¯×²v ¡@ |
Ãþ¦ü ¼W¥[ |
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¨Å³J¥Õ²v ¡@ |
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Adapted from¡GVan Den Berg, 1991 J. Dairy Sci. 74(Suppl. 2)¡G2 |
¤¡B¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ïÁc´Þ©Ê¯àªº¼vÅT
¤@¯ë»¡¨Ó¡A¦pªG¤û°¦¦b²£«á60¤Ñ¤§¤ºª`®grBST(¨C¤éª`®g25mg¥H¤W©Î¹j¶gª`®g500mg)¡A¹ï¨äÁc´Þ·|¦³¤£§Q¼vÅT¢w¦pªÅL´Á¼W¥[10-20¤Ñ¡A²£¥J¶¡¶Z¥ç·|¼W¥[(Huber, 1995)¡C¦bªc¨Åªì´Á®É¤û°¦¤w¦]²£¨Å¶qªº¼W¥[¦ýÄṶq¼W¥[µ{«×¦³¡A¨Ï±o¤û°¦¥²»Ý¾aÅ餺¿n¦s¤§¯×ªÕ¤Î³J¥Õ½è¨Óºû«ù°ª²£¨Å¶q¡AÅ髤U°(¹Ï3)¡A¦Ó§e¯à¶qt¥¿Åª¬ºA¡A¦b¦¹´Áª`®grBST±N¨Ï¨ä¯à¶qt¥¿Åª¬ºA§ó¬°´c¤Æ¡A¦]¦Ó°§CÁc´Þ®Ä²v¡C¦³¨Ç¹T¹A³ßÅw¦b¤û°¦Å髬¤À¼Æ¼W¥[«á©Î¤w½T©wÃh¥¥®É¤~µ¹¤û°¦ª`®grBST¡C¦b¦¹«Øij¦b²£«á¦Ü¤Ö60¤Ñ¤Î¤Å¿ð©ó²Ä¤G¦¸AI«eµ¹¤û°¦ª`®grBST(Huber, 1995)¡Cªí10»¡©ú¤F¦b¾A·í®É¶¡µ¹¤û°¦ª`®grBST¥i¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q¡A¦ý¹ïÁc´Þ¤£¦Ü©ó¦³¤£§Q¼vÅT¡C
ªí10. ¤û°¦ª`®grBST¹ï²£¨Å¶q¤ÎÁc´Þ©Ê¯àªº¼vÅT
¶µ¥Ø | ¹ï·Ó²Õ | rBST²Õ |
¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q(kg¡þd) 0 0-2.5 2.5-5.0 5.0-10.0 ¡Ö10 ¥§¡4.78 |
¡@ ¢w ¢w ¢w ¢w ¢w ¡@ |
¡@ 66 40 404 338 848 ¡@ |
ªÅL(ÀY) | 123 | 158 |
Ãh¥¥(ÀY) | 1043 | 690 |
Ãh¥¥²v(¢H) | 89.5 | 81.4 |
¨üL²v(¢H) | 48.4 | 47.2 |
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Adapted from¡GFurguson, 1995 *ºK¦Û14~27Ó¬ã¨sµ²ªG |
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2. ª`®grBST¤û°¦¨ä¨Å¦¨¥÷»P¥¼ª`®gªÌµL²§¡C
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4. §Y¨Ï¤û¨Å¸g±þµß³B²z«á¤´¦³¤Ö¶qBST¥¼³Q¯}Ãa¡A¥Ñ©óBSTÄÝ©ó³J¥Õ½èÃþ²üº¸»X¡A¤H̶¼¥Î¤û¨Å«á¡A·|³Q³J¥Õ½è¤À¸Ñ»Ã¯À®ø¤Æ¤À¸Ñ¡A¦]¦Ó¥¢¥h¬¡©Ê¡C
5. BST©M¤H¥Íªø¿E¯Àªº®ò°ò»Ä²Õ¦¨¤§¦@¦P©Ê¥u¦³68¢H(ªí11)¡A¬ã¨sÅã¥Ü§Y¨Ïª`®gBST©ó¤HÅ餺¥çµL¼vÅT¡A§ó¤£¥Î½×¤fªABST¹ï¤Hªº¼vÅT¤F¡C
ªí11. ¤£¦P«~ºØ°Êª«¥Íªø¿E¯À¤§Ói°ò»Ä²Õ¦¨¦@¦P©Ê
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¤C¡B¤û°¦ª`®grBST¤§¸gÀٮįq
ªí12¦CÁ|¤£¦P²£¨Å¶q¤û°¦¦bª`®grBST«á©ó¥V¡B®L©u¥i¯à¼W¥[¤§¦¬¤J¡C°²³]¤@¨Å¤û³õ¤û¸s¨ä®L©u¥§¡²£¨Å¶q¬°17kg¡þd¡A¥V©u¥§¡¬°20 kg¡þd¡Aª`®grBSTªÌ©ó®L©u¤Î¥V©u¥i¤À§O´£°ª²£¨Å¶q¬ù2.55kg¡þd¤Î3kg¡þd(¥H¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q15¢Hp)¡AY¥H®L©u¨Å»ù¢C20.73¡þkg¤Î¥V©u¨Å»ù¢C13.42¡þkgpºâ(Jacobson and §d©ú±Ó¡A1994)¡A¦b®L©u¤Î¥V©u¨CÀY¨C¤Ñ¥i¤À§O¼W¥[¦¬¤J¢C52.9¤Î¢C39.7¡C´N¦¨¥»¤ä¥Xªº¼W¥[¦Ó¨¥¡A¥Ø«e¦b¬ü°êªºrBST(Posilac)úw¬O¥H±À¼s»ù¨C¾¯5.80¬ü¤¸(µ|«e)½æ¥X¡A¹w´Á±N¨Ó¥i¯à¥H¨C¾¯¢C7¤¸½æ¥X¡C°²³]±N¨Ó¦b¥xÆWªº°â»ù¬°10¬ü¤¸(¬ù¥x¹ô280¤¸)¡A§Y¨CÀY¤û¨C¤éª`®gªºrBST¶O¥Î¬°¥x¹ô20¤¸¡AY³Ò¤O¶O¥Î¦]¼W¥[ª`®g¤Îº^¨Å®É¶¡¦Ó¼W¥[¥x¹ô2¤¸¡A¨âªÌ¦¨¥»¬Û¥[¹F¥x¹ô22¤¸¡C¦¹¥~¡A§ÚÌ¥ç»Ýpºâ¤û°¦¦bª`®grBST«á©Ò¼W¥[¤§¹}®Æ¦¨¥»(¤@¯ë»¡¨Ó¹}®ÆÄṶq¼W¥[5-10¢H)¡C®Ú¾ÚNRC(1989)¡A¨C¼W¥[¤@¤½¤ç¤û¨Å»ÝÃB¥~¼W¥[¤é³¯à¶q0.682Mcal¡AY©Ò°t¹}®Æ¤§ªc¨Å²b¯à¬°1.6Mcal¡þkg¡A¹}®Æ©Ò§t°®ª«½è¬°50¢H(TMR)¡A¨ä¼W¥[¤§¹}®Æ¦¨¥»®L©u¬°15.2¤¸¡e((2.55kg¡Ñ0.682 Mcal¡þkg)÷1.6 Mcal¡þkg)¡Ñ2¡Ñ¢C7¡þkg¡f¡A¥V©u¬°17.9¤¸¡e((3.0kg¡Ñ0.682 Mcal¡þkg)÷1.6 Mcal¡þkg)¡Ñ2¡Ñ¢C7¡þkg¡f¡C¦]¦¹¡A¦b®L©u¤û°¦ª`®grBST¥iÀò±o¸û°ª¦¬¯q¡C¤Wz¶È¬°²Ê²¤¤§¦ôºâ¡A¹T¹AÌÀ³¨Ì¹ê»Ú¼W¥[²£¨Å¶q©M¨Å»ù¡B¹}®Æ¼W¥[ÄṶq©M¹}®Æ»ù®æ¡BrBST±N¨Ó¦b¥x¤§°â»ù¤Î¹ê»Ú³Ò¤O¼W¥[¦¨¥»µ¥¸Ô¥[pºâ¨Ó¨M©w¬O§_±Ä¥ÎrBST¡C
ªí12. ¤£¦P²£¨Å¶q¤û°¦¦bª`®grBST«á©ó¥V¡B®L©u¥i¯à¤§¼W¥[¦¬¤J
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¥V©u¨Å»ùa | ®L©u¨Å»ùa | ||
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 |
2.25 2.4 2.55 2.7 2.85 3 3.15 3.3 3.45 3.6 3.75 3.9 4.1 4.2 |
29.8 31.8 33.8 35.7 37.7 39.7 41.7 43.7 45.7 47.7 49.7 51.6 54.3 55.6 |
46.6 49.8 52.9 56.0 59.1 62.2 65.3 68.4 71.5 74.6 77.7 80.8 85.0 87.1 |
a«öJacobson¤Î§d©ú±Ó(1992)½Õ¬d¤§¦U©u¨Å»ù13.24¤¸¡A®L©u¨Å»ù20.73¤¸pºâ¡C |
¤K¡BBST¤û¸sªº¹}¾i»PÀç¾iºÞ²z
¹}¾iºÞ²z¨î«×ªº¦nÃa¹ï¤û°¦ª`®grBST¬O§_¦³®ÄªG¦³«Ü¤jªºÃö«Y¡A¦nªº¹}¾iºÞ²z¨î«×¨Ï¤û°¦¼W¥[ªº²£¨Å¶q¯à¹F¨ì³Ì¤j(ªí13¤Î¹Ï4)¡CÁöµM¡A¤û°¦ª`®grBST¨Ï¨äÅ餺Àç¾i¦¨¥÷¦A¤À°t(repartitioning)¥H§Q©ó¥Í²£§ó¦h¤û¨Å¡A¦ý¨ä¤é³¤´À³¨¬°÷ªº¥²»ÝÀç¾i¤À¡C¦]¦¹¡A¬°¨ÏrBST¤û¯à²£³Ì¦h¤û¨Å¡A§ÚÌÀ³¦b¹}®Æ¤W°µ¤@¨Ç§ïÅÜ¡Aª`·N¹L½FG³J¥Õ(bypass protein)¡B¥[¤u½\ª«(¦p»]®ðÀ£¤ùµ¥)¡B²K¥[¯×ªÕ¦p´Ö¹ê¥J¡B¥þ¯×¤j¨§¡B¤ûªo¤Î¹L½FG¯×ªÕµ¥¡F¤é³Á`¯×ªÕ¶q¤Å¶W¹L6-7¢H¡BµÒÆP»Ä(niacin)¤Î½FG½w½Äª«(buffers¡F¦p¤pĬ¥´¤Î®ñ¤ÆÁâµ¥)¡C¦¹¥~¡Aª`·N¤é³¶§³±Â÷¤l¥¿Å(dietary cation-anion balance¡FDCAB)¡A¥ç¦³§U©ó²£¨Å¶qªº´£¤É¡C¬°¤F¨Ïª`®grBSTªº¤û°¦¦³³Ì¨Î²£¨Å®ÄªG¡A§ÚÌ¥²¶·¨Ï¤û°¦ºû«ù¨¬°÷ªº¹}®Æ¤Î¯à¶q±Ä¹¶q(¥]¬A°®¨Å¤û¤Îªc¨Å¤û)¡CrBST¤ûYµL¨¬°÷¹}®Æ¨Ñµ¹©Î¦]ª`®grBST¦Ó¨Ï¨äÅ髬¤À¼Æ(body condition score¡FBCS)¤j¶q´î§C(¶W¹L0.5)¡A©Î¦]¤£¨}ºÞ²z¦Ó¨ÏBCS¹L§Cµ¥§¡©ö¨Ï¤û°¦²£¨Å¶q¼W¥[®ÄªG¤£¹ü¡C¦]¦¹¡A§Q¥ÎBCS¨Óµû¦ô¤û°¦ªºÀç¾iª¬ºA¥ç¬°¤û°¦ª`®grBST¦¨¥\»P§_ªºÃöÁä¡ABCS¥ç¬O¨Ï¥ÎTMR¦¨¥\»P§_ªºn¥ó¤§¤@¡Cªí14Åã¥Ü¤£½×¬Oªì²£¤û©Î¸g²£¤û¡Aª`®grBST¤Î¨C¤éº^¨Å¤T¦¸¦³³Ì¨Î²£¨Å®ÄªG¡A¦Ó¥¼¤Îª`®grBST¤û°¦¥²¶·¨C¤éº^¨Å¤T¦¸¡A¤~¯à»Pª`®grBST¤û°¦¨C¤éº^¨Å¤G¦¸¤§²£¨Å¶q¬Ûªñ(Speicher et al., 1994)¡C
ªí13. ¹}¾iºÞ²zªº¦nÃa¹ï²£¨Å©Ê¯àªº¼vÅT
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¶µ¥Ø | ¹ï·Ó²Õ | rBST²Õ | ®t²§(rBST) | ||
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¦b¼öºò¢¤U¤û°¦ª`®grBSTªº®ÄªG¥Dnµøºò¢µ{«×¹ï¤û°¦ÄṶqªº¼vÅT¦Ó©w(NRC, 1995)¡C¦¹¥~¡A¥¿¦p¥¼ª`®grBSTªº¤û°¦¤@¼Ë¡ArBST¤û¦b¼öºò¢Àô¹Ò¤U¥ç¶·´£¨Ñ¨¬¶q¶¼¤ô¡B¼W¥[¤é³¹[ÆQ¤Î¨Ï¥Î§t§C¼ö¼WȪº¹}®Æ¦p¯×ªÕµ¥(Beede and Collier, 1986)¡C¦b¼öºò¢Àô¹Ò¤U¡A¤é³¶u§t¶q¥Ñ0.18¢H´£°ª¦Ü0.55¢H¡A¥i´£°ª²£¨Å¶q(Huber et al., 1993)¡A¦Ó¤é³¹[§t¶q¥ÑNRC(1989)±ÀÂ˪º0.9-1.2¢H´£°ª¦Ü1.5-1.8¢H¡A¥i´£°ª²£¨Å¶q(Beede, 1987)¡C¦¹¥çÅã¥Ü¤F´£°ªDCAB(Na+K-Cl)±q120¦Ü460 meq¡þkg¡A¥i´£°ª°®ª«½è±Ä¹¶q¤Îªc¨Å¶q(West et al., 1991)¡C¥Ñ©ó²Ê®Æ§t¸û°ª¼ö¼WÈ¡A¦]¦¹´î¤Ö¤é³¤¤²Ê®Æ§t¶q¹ï¦b¼öºò¢¤UªºrBST¤û¦³§Q(West, 1994)¡C¦¹¥~¡A¼W¥[¤é³¹L½FG³J¥Õ¡A¯S§O¬O¹L½FG³J¥Õªº«~½è(§Y¸û¨ÎªºÓi°ò»Ä²Õ¦¨)¡A¥H¤Î¤é³²K¥[¯×ªÕµ¥³£¥i´£°ª²£¨Å¶q(Huber et al., 1994)¡C´£¨Ñ¤û°¦®L¤éµÎ¾AªºÀô¹Ò¥ç¬OrBST¤û¤£¥i¯Êªº¡A§ÚÌÀ³¸Ó±Ä¥Îªº§N«o¤èªk¥]¬A´£¨Ñ½®´×¡Bµ¥«Ýº^¨Å®Éªº°·Å(holding pen cooling)¡Bº^¨Å«á©ó¨«¹Dªº°·Å(exit lane cooling)¡B½®´×³]§N«o¨t²Î(corral shade cooling)¡B¹}Äæ³]§N«o¨t²Î(feedmanger cooling)¤Î¹}Äæ¤W¤è¾B½®(covered feed manger)µ¥(Armstrong, 1994)¡C
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