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70.8 22.7 3.0 2.2 0.5 0 0.5 0.2 0.1 |
71.4 23.8 0 2.2 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.2 0.1 |
70.8 23.8 0 2.2 0.5 1.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 |
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16.75 3.25 6.21 ¡@ 0.74 1.09 0.81 0.70 0.34 |
16.88 3.61 6.55 ¡@ 0.91 1.12 0.84 0.83 0.34 |
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µù¡G(1)¹w²V®ÆV-3²K¥[0.2¢H¡A§Y¨C¤½¤ç¥À½Þ¹}®Æ¸É¥Rºû¥Í¯ÀA 5,000 IU¡Fºû¥Í¯ÀD3 500IU¡Aºû¥Í¯ÀB2 3mg¡Aºû¥Í¯ÀB12 0.015mg¡Aªx»Ä10mg¡A·ÏÆP»Ä20mg¡A¸»Ä0.10mg¡A¥Íª«¯À0.2mg¡Aºû¥Í¯ÀE 15mg¡Aºû¥Í¯ÀK3 0.45mg¡AÁxÆP100mg¡C (2)¹w²V®ÆM-3²K¥[0.1¢H¡A§Y¨C¤½¤ç¥À½Þ¹}®Æ¸É¥R»É10mg¡AÅK50mg¡A¿ø30mg¡A¾N100mg¡A¸K1mg¡A¹W1mg¥H¤ÎÖ´0.1mg¡C (3)NRC(1988)(49) |
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¥»¸ÕÅç¿ï¨ú²Ä2~5L¦¸«Ý²£¥À½Þ48ÀY¡A¨Ì«~ºØ(Landrace, Duroc)¤À¥|±è¦¸³{¾÷¤À°t¤J¤TºØ¹}®Æ³B²z²Õ¤¤¡G²D©u2±è¦¸¦@24ÀY¡A¤À§O©ó81¦~10¤ë»P82¦~2¤ë¨Ì®É§Ç¨C±è¦¸12ÀY¥À½Þ¡A»°¤J¤À®YÄæ¶i¦æ¸ÕÅç¡F¼ö©u2±è¦¸¦@24ÀY¡A¤À§O©ó82¦~6¤ë»P82¦~8¤ë¥ç¨Ì®É§Ç¡B±è¦¸¶i¦æ¸ÕÅç¡C¼ö©u¸ÕÅç´Á¶¡¡A¦U¤À®YÄæ¥À½ÞÀY³¡¤W¤è¬ù1m³B¬[³]Ó§O·®°ª½±µ°e·¡A°e·¶q85m3¡þmin¡C·®°¥Õ¤Ñ¶}±Ò¡A©]¶}Ãö³¬¡F¦b¸ÕÅç´Á¶¡¥H¦h¥\¯à°O¿ý¾¹°O¿ý¤À®YªÙ¤º¥~·Å«×¡BÀã«×ÅܤƱ¡§Î¡C¸ÕÅç´Á¶¡¦U±è¦¸¥Nªí©Ê±Þ¶¡¥§¡·Å«×¡A¬Û¹ïÀã«×»P·ÅÀã«×«ü¼Æ¦C¥Ü©óªí2¡F¼ö©u¨å«¬®ð·Å§ÎºA¡A¥H83¦~8¤ë5¤é¡B6¤é¬°¨Ò¥Ü¦p¹Ï1¡C
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22.78 ¡@ 75.16 ¡@ ¡@ 70.95 |
18.55 ¡@ 82.90 ¡@ ¡@ 64.69 |
33.99 ¡@ 59.39 ¡@ ¡@ 85.32 |
30.43 ¡@ 53.50 ¡@ ¡@ 79.41 |
µù¡G(1)THI¡G·Å·Ã«×«ü¼Æ¡ATHI¡×¢K¡Ð0.55(1¡ÐRH¢H)¡Ñ(¢K¡Ð58)(38)¡C ¢K¡GµØ¤ó«×¼Æ¡ARH¡G¬Û¹ï·Ã«×¡C Footnote¡G(1)THI Temperature humidity index THI¡×¢K¡Ð0.55(1¡ÐRH¢H)¡Ñ(¢K¡Ð58)(38)¡C ¢K¡GFahrenheit degree, RH¡GRelative humidity. |
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¥À½Þ÷¨Å´Á¶¡Åé«ÅܤơBI¯×ÅܤơA¥À½Þ²£«á¥§¡°¦¤é¹}®Æ±Ä¹¶q¡A¦å²G²Õ¦¨¡F¥J½Þ¥X¥Í¡B10¤éÄÖ¥H¤ÎÂ÷¨ÅÅ髵¥¼Æ¾Ú³£¥HStatistical Analysis System(SAS)®M¸Ë³nÅé¤ÀªR¤§¡A¦U³B²z¥§¡È¤§®t²§ÅãµÛ©Ê¥HDuncan¦hÅÜ°ìGLMµ{§Ç´ú¸Õ¡A¦U¶µ©Êª¬¤ÀªRÀ³¥Î¤§²Îp¼Ò¦¡¬°¡G
Yijk¡×£g¡ÏDi¡ÏSj¡ÏBk¡Ï(D¡ÑS)ij¡Ï(D¡ÑB)ik¡ÏEijk¨ä¤¤¡A£g¬°¥§¡È¡ADi¬°¹}®Æ®ÄÀ³¡ASj¬°©u¸`®ÄÀ³¡ABk¬°«~ºØ®ÄÀ³¡A(D¡ÑS)ij»P(D¡ÑB)ik¬°¹}®Æ¶¡»P©u¸`¶¡©Î«~ºØ¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡AEijk¬°´Ý¾l¾÷®t¡C
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¤@¡B²D©u»P¼ö©u÷¨Å¥À½Þ©I§l¦¸¼Æ»P¨z·ÅÅܤƱ¡§Î¡G
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«~ºØ Breed |
²D©u Cool season ®ð·Å¡G21-23¢J Ambient temperature ¬Û¹ï·Ã«×¡G74¢H Relative humidity |
¼ö©u(1) Warm season ®ð·Å¡G31-33¢J Ambient temperature ¬Û¹ï·Ã«×¡G50-60¢H Relative humidity |
||
¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ §ù¬¥§J Duroc ÂÅ·ç´µ Landrace |
©I§l¦¸¼Æ Respiratory rate |
¨z·Å Rectal temp. |
©I§l¦¸¼Æ Respiratory rate |
¨z·Å Rectal temp. |
times¡þmin | ¢J | times¡þmin | ¢J | |
31-57 38.6-38.8 (n¡×3) 11-12 38.4-38.6 (n¡×4) |
65-104 39.8-41.3 (n¡×7) 64-96 39.3-40.2 (n¡×7) |
|||
µù¡G(1)¥À½Þ¤À®YÄæ¤W¤è¬[³]Ó§O¹q®°ª½±µ§j·¡A³q·¶q85m3¡þmin¡C Footnote:(1)Each nursing crate was equipped with electrical fan, so that the sows were evntilated overheadly with 85m3/min air flow during the warm season. |
¤G¡B¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¦b²D©u¹ï÷¨Å¥À½Þ¹}®ÆÄṶq¡BÅ髤§¼vÅT¡G
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¤T¡B¼ö©u÷¨Å¥À½Þ¥HÓ§O·®°°e·¨Ã¦b¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¹ï¨ä¹}®ÆÄṶq¡BÅ髤§¼vÅT¡G
¥Ñ¹Ï1¥i¬Ý¥X¥»©Ò¼ö©u¨å«¬®ð·Å§Y¨Ï¦b©]¶¡¤]¦b27¢J¥H¤W¡A»·¶W¹L÷¨Å¥À½Þ»]µo´²¼öªºÁ{¬É·Å«×(24¢J)¡C©Ò¥H¡A¨Ï¥ÎÓ§O·®°ª½±µ°e·(·¶q85 m3¡þmin)¡A÷¨Å¥À½Þ¦b¼ö©u÷¨Å´Á¶¡¡A¹}®ÆÄṶq¤]µLªk´£ª@¦Ü²D©uªº¤ô·Ç¡A¥B¨ä´î¤Ö´T«×¬ù¹F15¢H(P¡Õ0.05)¡C©u¸`®t²§¥Dn¤Ï¬M©ó¥À½Þ²£«áÅéªp«ì´_«á²Ä4~10¤é»P²Ä11~28¤é¨â¶¥¬q¡A¤×¨ä¬O«áªÌ¹F·¥ÅãµÛ®t²§(P¡Õ0.01¡Fªí4)¡F¥H³æ¦ì¥NÁÂÅé«ÁB¥¿¥À½ÞÓ§OÅé«®t²§«á¥ç¤Ï¬M³o¤@ÁͶÕ(ªí5)¡C
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0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
Diet | Season | Breed | D¡ÑS(2) | D¡ÑB(3) | ||
kg¡þ¤é | ||||||||||||
¡@ ²Ä0~3¤é(1) ²Ä4-10¤é ²Ä11-28¤é ¥þ´Á0~28 |
¡@ 4.17 5.13 6.40 5.74 |
¡@ 4.42 5.85 6.45 5.98 |
¡@ 3.62 6.10 6.61 6.15 |
a 3.54 4.72 5.39 5.02 |
ab 3.90 4.40 5.24 4.89 |
b 4.42 4.85 5.51 5.23 |
¡@ 0.88 0.94 0.81 0.77 |
¡@ 0.649 0.460 0.928 0.720 |
¡@ 0.782 0.026 0.009 0.022 |
¡@ 0.527 0.302 0.040 0.066 |
¡@ 0.243 0.214 0.629 0.490 |
¡@ 0.212 0.105 0.069 0.070 |
µù¡G(1)¼ö©u´Á¶¡¡A¦P¤@¾î¦æ¥§¡Èa,b¤p¼g¦r¥Àªí¥Ü®t²§ÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.05)¡C (2)D¡ÑS³B²z»P©u¸`¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C (3)D¡ÑB³B²z»P«~ºØ¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C Footnotes¡G (1)a,b Means within warm season in the same row with different superscripts differ(P<0.05). (2)D¡ÑS Interaction between diet and season. (3)D¡ÑB Interaction between diet and breed. |
ªí5. ²K¥[NaHCO3¹ï÷¨Å¥À½Þ³æ¦ì¥NÁÂÅé«°®ª«ÄṶq¤§¼vÅT
¥À½Þ ²£«á Days postpartum |
²D©u | ¼ö©u | SEM | ÅãµÛ¤ô·Ç(PÈ) | ||||||||
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
Diet | Season | Breed | D¡ÑS(1) | D¡ÑB(2) | ||
g¡þkg W.75¡þ¤é | ||||||||||||
²Ä0~3¤é ²Ä4-10¤é ²Ä11-28¤é ¥þ´Á0~28 |
65.59 76.48 96.48 86.23 |
64.80 86.85 95.78 88.81 |
58.43 98.30 106.47 99.07 |
56.93 76.00 86.81 80.90 |
61.18 69.30 83.48 77.55 |
69.58 76.27 86.74 82.25 |
12.40 12.66 13.15 11.54 |
0.77 0.20 0.69 0.44 |
0.92 0.04 0.04 0.08 |
0.55 0.26 0.04 0.06 |
0.33 0.08 0.43 0.30 |
0.24 0.12 0.17 0.13 |
µù¡G(1)D¡ÑS³B²z»P©u¸`¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C (2)D¡ÑB³B²z»P«~ºØ¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C Footnotes¡G (1)D¡ÑS Interaction between diet and season. (2)D¡ÑB Interaction between diet and breed. |
¥Ñ©ó´»¼ö¼vÅT¥À½Þ¹}®ÆÄṶq¡A¦]¦¹¡A÷¨Å´Á¶¡¥À½ÞÅé«¥¢«¹F20kg¡FI¯×«p«×ÅܤÆÁöµM¦]¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¦b³Ì«á¦Ø°©³¡¦ì¦³ÅÜÁ¡(P¡Õ0.05)ªº±¡§Î¡A¦ý³o¥i¯à«Y¥À½Þ÷¨Å´Á¶¡¿E¾É«¬¤ºªc¯À(homeorhetic hormones)«P¶i¶J¦s¤§Åé¯×ªÕ²¾¦æªº²{¶H¡A¥¼¥²»P³B²z¦³Ãö¡F¦U³B²z¡B©u¸`¡B«~ºØ¥H¤Î©¼¦¹¤§¶¡¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¬Ò¤£ÅãµÛ(ªí6)¡C
ªí6. ÷¨Å¥À½Þ¸ÕÅç´Á¶¡Åé«¡BI¯×«p«×ÅܤƱ¡§Î
¡@ | ²D©u | ¼ö©u | SEM | ÅãµÛ¤ô·Ç(PÈ) | ||||||||
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
Diet | Season | Breed | D¡ÑS(2) | D¡ÑB(3) | ||
¤À®Y«e¥§¡Åé«¡Akg | 232.00 | 236.40 | 212.67 | 215.60 | 219.70 | 227.00 | 16.97 | 0.516 | 0.401 | 0.496 | 0.189 | 0.542 |
Â÷¨Å®É¥§¡Åé«¡Akg | 224.35 | 236.00 | 206.67 | 205.20 | 199.50 | 206.75 | 21.30 | 0.581 | 0.045 | 0.782 | 0.233 | 0.422 |
÷¨Å´Á¶¡Åé«ÅܤơAkg | -7.65 | -0.40 | -6.00 | -10.40 | -20.20 | -20.25 | 13.73 | 0.953 | 0.035 | 0.211 | 0.385 | 0.710 |
÷¨Å´Á¶¡I¯×«p«×ÅܤơAmm¡G |
||||||||||||
²Ä¤@¦Ø°©(1) | -4.0a | -2.8ab | 0.0b | -2.8 | -0.5 | -0.5 | 2.73 | 0.051 | 0.831 | 0.960 | 0.571 | 0.365 |
³Ì«á¦Ø°© | -1.5 | -1.2 | -0.7 | -0.4 | -1.5 | -1.5 | 2.34 | 0.572 | 0.472 | 0.261 | 0.451 | 0.759 |
³Ì«á¸y´Õ | -1.5 | -2.0 | -2.0 | -2.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.48 | 0.839 | 0.464 | 0.390 | 0.603 | 0.443 |
¥§¡ | -2.3 | -2.0 | -0.9 | -1.7 | -0.7 | -0.7 | 1.60 | 0.200 | 0.868 | 0.348 | 0.656 | 0.423 |
µù¡G(1)²D©u´Á¶¡¡A¦P¤@¾î¦æ¥§¡È a,b¤p¼g¦r¥Àªí¥Ü®t²§ÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.05)¡C (2)D¡ÑS³B²z»P©u¸`¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C (3)D¡ÑB³B²z»P«~ºØ¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C Footnotes¡G (1)a,b Means within warm season in the same row with different superscripts differ(P<0.05). (2)D¡ÑS Interaction between diet and season. (3)D¡ÑB Interaction between diet and breed. |
¼ö©u¥À½Þ÷¨Å´Á¶¡¡A¹ï·Ó²Õ»P¤GÓ³B²z²Õ¹}®ÆÄṶq¤À§O¬°5.02»P4.89¡B5.23kg¡þ¤é¡A¦b¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[1.8¢HNaHCO3¼W¥[4¢H¹}®ÆÄṶq¡A¨ä§ïµ½®ÄÀ³¥Dnµo¥Í¦b¥À½Þ²£«áªì´Á0~3¤é¶¥¬q(P¡Õ0.05¡Fªí4)¡C¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3µLªk§ïµ½¥À½Þ²£«á²Ä4~10¤é»P²Ä11~28¤é¨â¶¥¬qªº¹}®ÆÄṶq¡A¦]¬°¦b³o¨âÓ¶¥¬q¡A¥À½ÞÅéªp¤w±q¤À®Y¯h³Ò«ì´_³vº¥ÁÚ¦Vªc¨Å°ª®p´Á¡A¹ï·Ó²Õ¹}®ÆÄṶq¦b²£«á²Ä11~28¤é¶¥¬q¡A¤w¹F5.39kg¡þ¤é¡A¥À½Þ¥»¨ªc¨Å»Ý¨D¤w¨¬¥H«P¶i¹}®ÆÄṡA¹}®Æ¹q¸Ñ½èªº½Õ¾ã¹ï¥À½Þ¹}®ÆÄṶq¼vÅT¬Æ·L¡C§Y¨Ï¥À½ÞµLÓ§O§j·³B²z¡A°¨µ¥¥ç³ø§i¹}®Æ²K¥[NaHCO3¥i§ï¶i¥À½Þ²£«áªì´Á¹}®ÆÄṶq¡A¨ì¤F¥À½Þ÷¨Å¤¤´Á¡A¹ï·Ó²Õ»P²K¥[1.2¢HNaHCO3³B²z²Õªº¹}®ÆÄṶq¤À§O¬°5.28»P5.27 kg¡þ¤é¡A¤w±µªñNRC¦b·Å±a¦a°Ï±ÀÂ˪º÷¨Å¥À½Þ¹}®ÆÄṶq(5.3~6.1 kg¡þ¤é)¡C¤ñ°_º¡¨¬ªc¨Å»Ý¨Dªº«æn©Ê¡A¹}®Æ¹q¸Ñ½èªº½Õ¾ã¹ï«P¶i¥À½Þ÷¨Å¤¤´Á¹}®ÆÄṶq§@¥Î¤£©úÅã¡C
¥|¡B¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¦b¤£¦P©u¸`¹ï÷¨Å¥À½Þ¦å²G®ðÅé²Õ¦¨¤À¤§¼vÅT¡G
¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¦b²D©u©Î¼ö©u³£´£ª@÷¨Å¥À½Þ¦å²GpH»PBEÈ¡A©u¸`¹ï¥À½Þ¦å²G¦å¬õ¯À¡BHCO3-¿@«×¥H¤ÎBEȼvÅTÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.01)¡F»P²D©u¤ñ¸û¡A¼ö©u¥À½Þ¦å²G¦³ÁͻĪº²{¶H(P¡Õ0.05)¡G¹ï·Ó²Õ¥À½Þ¦å²GpHȦb²D©u»P¼ö©u¤À§O¬°7.471»P7.441¡A¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3«hÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.05)´£ª@«áªÌ»ÄÆPÈ(ªí7)¡CDuroc½ÞºØ¥i¯à¦]Åé¯×²Ö¿n¸û¦h¡A¥½±é·L¦åºÞ¤À§G±K«×¬Û¹ï´î¤Ö¡A¨ä¦å²G¤§®ðÅé¥æ´«¯à¤O¡BÄâ®ñ¯à¤O(i.e. PCO2¡APO2¡AO2 saturation)¸ûLandrace¥À½Þ®t¡A¦LÃÒDuroc¥À½ÞµL½×¦b²D©u©Î¼ö©u¡A¨ä©I§l¦¸¼Æ»P¨z·Å³£°ª©óLandrace¥À½Þ(ªí3)¡A¥ç¥i»{ª¾«~ºØ¶¡¦å²G®ðÅé¥æ´«¯à¤Oªº®t²§¡A¦ýDuroc¥À½Þ¦å¬õ¯À§t¶q¸ûLandrace¥À½Þ°ª(P¡Õ0.05)¡F¥B©u¸`¶¡®t²§·¥ÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.001¡Fªí7)¡C
ªí7. ¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¹ï÷¨Å¥À½Þ¦å¬õ¯À¡B¦å²y®e¿n¤ñ¥H¤Î¦å²G®ðÅé²Õ¦¨(1)¤§¼vÅT
¡@ | ²D©u | ¼ö©u | SEM | ÅãµÛ¤ô·Ç(PÈ) | ||||||||
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
Diet | Season | Breed | D¡ÑS(3) | D¡ÑB(4) | ||
Hemoglobin, g¡þ100ml | 11.9 | 10.8 | 12.0 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 1.061 | 0.239 | 0.0003 | 0.042 | 0.293 | 0.950 |
Packed cell vol., ¢H | 32.3 | 28.8 | 31.0 | 32.2 | 31.8 | 30.2 | 2.956 | 0.265 | 0.626 | 0.205 | 0.448 | 0.639 |
pH(2) | 7.471 | 7.477 | 7.516 | 7.441a | 7.471ab | 7.478b | 0.033 | 0.022 | 0.036 | 0.706 | 0.511 | 0.845 |
PCO2,mm Hg | 41.0 | 43.6 | 41.6 | 42.1 | 40.9 | 41.0 | 3.317 | 0.733 | 0.492 | 0.021 | 0.369 | 0.800 |
PO2,mm Hg | 77.0 | 70.2 | 68.5 | 76.0 | 69.5 | 73.6 | 9.801 | 0.349 | 0.665 | 0.024 | 0.796 | 0.686 |
HCO3-¡Ammols¡þliter | 30.9 | 33.5 | 33.5 | 29.0 | 29.6 | 30.4 | 2.461 | 0.160 | 0.0009 | 0.251 | 0.592 | 0.686 |
O2 saturation, ¢H | 93.1 | 94.8 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 94.6 | 95.5 | 2.360 | 0.193 | 0.301 | 0.009 | 0.517 | 0.150 |
Base excess, mmols¡þliter | +7.4 | +10.1 | +10.7 | +5.3 | +6.4 | +7.2 | 2.416 | 0.046 | 0.0005 | 0.464 | 0.654 | 0.859 |
µù¡G(1)27ÀY÷¨Å¥À½Þ¤À®Y«á10¤é¶¡¡A¦wÀR±¡ªp¤U±Ä¨ú¦ÕÀR¯ß¦å¼Ë. (2)¼ö©u´Á¶¡¡A¦P¤@¾î¦æ¥§¡È¥§¡Èa,b¤p¼g¦r¥Àªí¥Ü®t²§ÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.05)¡C (3)D¡ÑS³B²z»P©u¸`¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C (4)D¡ÑB³B²z»P«~ºØ¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C Footnotes¡G (1)Least squares means for 27 sows, ear-vein blood sampled under tranquil condition within 10 days postpartum. (2)a,b Means within warm season in the same row with different superscripts differ(P<0.05). (3)D¡ÑS Interaction between diet and season. (4)D¡ÑB Interaction between diet and breed. |
¤¡B¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¦b¤£¦P©u¸`¹ï¥À½Þ÷¨ÅÁZ®Ä¤§¼vÅT¡G
¥Ñ©ó¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¼W¥[¥À½ÞÅé²G½w½Ä¯à¤O¡AÅý¥À½Þ±q¤À®Yªº¯h²Ö¤¤«ì´_¥¿±`¥Í²zª¬ªp¡A¹}®ÆÄṸû¦h(ªí4)¡A¦]¦¹¥À½Þ¦b÷¨Åªì´Áªc¨Å¥¿±`¡AÅý¥J½Þµo¨|¦³¤@Ó¦nªº¶}©l¡A©Ò¥HµL½×¦b²D©u©Î¼ö©u³£¼W¥[¦U÷¨Å¶¥¬q¥J½Þ°¦¤é¼W«¡F¦b²D©u¡A¹ï·Ó²Õ»P1.8¢H²K¥[²Õ¥J½ÞÂ÷¨ÅÅ髤À§O¬°7.762¡A8.733kg¡F«áªÌ¤ñ«eªÌ¼W¥[12.5¢H¡C¦b¼ö©u¡A¬Û¹ïÀ³ªº¼Æ¦r¬°¡G7.080¡A8.305kg»P17.3¢H(ªí8)¡C¥À½Þ÷¨ÅÁZ®Ä¨ü«~ºØ®t²§ªº¼vÅT(P¡Õ0.01)»·¤j©ó©u¸`¡B³B²zªº¼vÅT¡A¸ÕÅç¹Lµ{¤¤Æ[¹îDuroc¥À½Þ÷¨ÅÁZ®Äªº½T¤ñLandrace¥À½Þ®t¡C
ªí8. ¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¹ï¥À½Þ÷¨ÅÁZ®Ä(¥J½Þ¼W«)¤§¼vÅT
¥J½ÞÅé«Piglet live weight | ²D©u | ¼ö©u | SEM | ÅãµÛ¤ô·Ç(PÈ) | ||||||||
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
Diet | Season | Breed | D¡ÑS(2) | D¡ÑB(3) | ||
¥J½Þ¤@¤éÄÖÅé«(1) | 1.577 | 1.700 | 1.717 | 1.793a | 1.965ab | 2.154b | 0.216 | 0.068 | 0.001 | 0.203 | 0.592 | 0.040 |
²Ä1-10¤é¼W«(1) | 0.159 | 0.182 | 0.206 | 0.161a | 0.191ab | 0.196b | 0.034 | 0.228 | 0.682 | 0.0001 | 0.489 | 0.382 |
²Ä11-28¤é¼W«(1) | 0.237 | 0.249 | 0.275 | 0.204a | 0.245b | 0.233ab | 0.030 | 0.103 | 0.097 | 0.005 | 0.378 | 0.734 |
¥þ´Á¼W«(1)0~28 | 0.222 | 0.237 | 0.250 | 0.189a | 0.226b | 0.219b | 0.024 | 0.133 | 0.123 | 0.0001 | 0.327 | 0.448 |
Â÷¨ÅÅé«(1) | 7.762 | 8.022 | 8.733 | 7.080a | 8.290b | 8.305b | 0.762 | 0.062 | 0.781 | 0.0001 | 0.449 | 0.776 |
(1)¼ö©u´Á¶¡¡A¦P¤@¾î¦æ¥§¡È¥§¡Èa,b¤p¼g¦r¥Àªí¥Ü®t²§ÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.05)¡C (2)D¡ÑS³B²z»P©u¸`¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C (3)D¡ÑB³B²z»P«~ºØ¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C Footnotes¡G (1)a,b Means within warm season in the same row with different superscripts differ(P<0.05). (2)D¡ÑS Interaction between diet and season. (3)D¡ÑB Interaction between diet and breed. |
¤»¡B¹}®Æ¤¤²K¥[NaHCO3¹ï÷¨Å¥À½Þ¦å²Mº¯³zÀ£¡B¤Æ¾Ç²Õ¦¨¥H¤Î¼ö©u¶¼¤ô¶q¤§¼vÅT¡G
¥Ñ©ó¥À½Þ¹ï¤º¦bÀô¹Ò«ù«í¯à¤O(homeostatic capacity)¬Æ¨Î¡A²K¥[NaHCO3¹ï¨ä¦å²Mº¯³zÀ£¡B¤Æ¾Ç²Õ¦¨¨ÃµL©úÅã¼vÅT(ªí9)¡A²D©u®É¡A÷¨Å¥À½ÞÄá¹NaHCO3¤ÞP¦å¿}¿@«×¤É°ª(P¡Õ0.05)¡F¼ö©u®É¡A¥À½Þ¦å¿}¿@«×¤£¦]Äá¹NaHCO3¦Ó¦³®t²§¡C
¼ö©u®É¡A¤TºØ³B²z¤§÷¨Å¥À½Þ²£«á15¤é¶¡¥§¡°¦¤é¶¼¤ô¶qDuroc¥À½Þ¤À§O¬°14.70¡A16.25»P17.31kg¡þ¤é¡FLandrace¥À½Þ¤À§O¬°19.40¡A26.25»P31.27kg¡þ¤é¡C«~ºØ¶¡ªº®t²§¹FÅãµÛ¤ô·Ç(P¡Õ0.01¡Fªí10)¡C³B²z²Õ¥À½Þ¦]ÄṸû¦hNa¡A¾ÉP¶¼¤ô¶q¼W¥[¡C
ªí9. ³¡¤À÷¨Å¥À½Þ¦å²M(1)º¯³zÀ£¡B¤Æ¾Ç²Õ¦¨¸ê®Æ
¡@ | ²D©u | ¼ö©u | ||||
0¢H NaHCO3 (n¡×4) |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 (n¡×4) |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 (n¡×4) |
0¢H NaHCO3 (n¡×7) |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 (n¡×7) |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 (n¡×7) |
|
º¯³zÀ£¡AOsmolality, m Osm¡þkg H2O | 283.5 | 283.5 | 287.5 | 287.4 | 287.0 | 289.5 |
§¿¯ÀºA´á¡ABlood urea-N, mg¡þdl | 18.1 | 16.9 | 17.3 | 14.1 | 14.8 | 14.9 |
Á`³J¥Õ½è¡ATotal proteins, g¡þdl | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.4 |
¦å¿}¡ABloog glucose,mg¡þdl | 58.7a | 76.7ab | 82.5b | 57.7 | 58.8 | 58.8 |
¶t¡ACalcium,mg¡þdl | 8.1 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 7.2 |
µL¾÷ÁC¡AInorg. phosphorus, mg¡þdl | 4.8 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.0 |
´âÂ÷¤l¡AChloride, m Eq¡þl | 96 | 90 | 95 | 89 | 92 | 92 |
µù¡G(1)33ÀY÷¨Å¥À½ÞÂ÷¨Å«e«á¡A»ó°é¸j©w±¡ªp¤U±Ä¨úÀVÀR¯ß¦å¼Ë¡C (2)²D©u´Á¶¡¡A¦P¤@¾î¦æ¥§¡Èa,b¤p¼g¦r¥Àªí¥Ü¦³®t²§ÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.05)¡C Footnotes¡G (1)Least squares means for 33 lactating sows, jugular vein blood sampled by snout teth ered condition around weaning day. (2)a,b Means within warm season in the same row with different superscripts differ(P<0.05). |
°Q½×
¤@¡B¦å²G²Õ¦¨¤ÀÀË´ú¼Æ¾Ú¥¿½T«×ÀË°Q¡G
´ú©w¦å²G®ðÅé²Õ¦¨¥H°Ê¯ß¦å¼Ë³Ì²z·Q¡A°ß¦]¥À½Þ°Ê¯ß¦å¼Ë±Ä¨ú¤£©ö¡A¤åÄm¼Æ¾Ú¤£¦h¨£¡F§õ»P¨H¥Ñ´ú©w¤ü¦åªº¸gÅç¡A»{©w¦Õ·L¦åºÞ¦å¼Ë¨ã°Ê¯ß¦å¼Ë¯S¼x¡A¥i´À¥N«áªÌ°µ¬°¦å²G®ðÅé¤ÀªRªº¼Ë¥»¡A¤k½Þ¸Ë¸mµÌ°Ê¯ß¾ÉºÞ¦b«Ç·Å21¢J¤Î¦wÀR±¡ªp¤U±Ä´ú¤§°Ê¯ß¦å¼Ë¨ä¦å²G®ðÅé¥Nªí©Ê¼ÆȬ°¡GpH7.484, PCO2 42.4 mmHg, PO2 85.8 mmHg¡AHCO3- 33.0 mmols¡þl, BE+8.1 mmols¡þl¡C¥»¸ÕÅç¦b²D©u¥À½Þ¦wÀR±¡ªp¤U±Ä´ú¤§¦ÕÀR¯ß¦å¼Ë¨ä¦å²G®ðÅé¼ÆÈ°£PO2¥~»P¤Wz¤åÄm¬Ûªñ¡CHaydon¤óµ¥»PPatience¤óµ¥¨Ï¥Î¦×½ÞÀR¯ß¦å¼Ë§@¦å²G®ðÅé¤ÀªR¡A¨ä©Ò±o¼ÆȧC©ó¥»¸ÕÅ礧¼ÆÈ¡AµL¤ñ¹ï·N¸q¡C¥»¸ÕÅç©Ò´ú¥À½Þ¤§¦å¬õ¯À»P¦å®e¤ñ¼ÆÈ¡AÓÅé®t²§¸û¤j(ªí7)¡A¦ý¤´±µªñAnderson¤óµ¥©Ò´úÃh¥¥¥À½Þ¤§¼ÆÈ¡A¨ä¼Æ¾Ú¤À§O¬°¡G11g¡þ100 ml»P32.2¢H¡C¥»¸ÕÅç©Ò´ú¥À½Þ¦å²Mº¯³zÀ£È±µªñ70¤éÄÖ½Þ°¦¤§284.3mosm¡þkg H2O¡C
¤G¡BÅé²G¹q¸Ñ½è¥¿Å»P¤º¦bÀô¹Ò«ù«í§@¥Î(homeostasis)¡G
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¡@ | Dietary | NaHCO3 | level | SEM | ÅãµÛ¤ô·Ç(PÈ) | ||
0¢H NaHCO3 |
1.2¢H NaHCO3 |
1.8¢H NaHCO3 |
Diet | Breed | D¡ÑB(2) | ||
water intake, kg¡þday | |||||||
Duroc Landrace |
14.70 19.40 |
16.25 26.25 |
17.31 31.27 |
5.16 | 0.06 | 0.0008 | 0.279 |
µù¡G(1)21ÀY÷¨Å¥À½Þ¡A¨ä¤¤¡ADuroc 10ÀY¡FLandrace 11ÀY¦b¤À®Y«á15¤é¶¡¥§¡È¡C (2)D¡ÑB³B²z»P«~ºØ¶¡ªº¥æ·P®ÄÀ³¡C Footontes¡G (1)Least squares means for 21 lactating sows, among which, 10 Duroc and 11, Landrace sows weresampled within 15 days postpartum. (2)D¡ÑB Interaction between diet and breed. |
¥|¡B¥À½Þ²£«á¥Í´Þ¹Dª¢¯g¹ï¹}®ÆÄṶq¡B÷¨Å©Ê¯à¤§¼vÅT¡G
¥À½Þ²£«á©Î¦]§U²£©Î¦]·P¬V¦ÓP¥Í´Þ¹Dª¢¯g¡A±`±`¼vÅT¹}®ÆÄṶq(ªí11)¡AY¦b²D©u¡A÷¨Å¥À½Þ¤À¸Ñ¦Û¨Åé½è©|¥i¤ä¼µ÷¨Å©Ê¯à¡A¥J½Þ¼W«¤£P¹L¥÷¿ðº¢(ªí12)¡C¨ì¤F¼ö©u¡A÷¨Å¥À½Þ¾AÀ³°ª·ÅÀô¹Ò¤O¤w¥¼¶e¡AY¦A·P¬V¥Í´Þ¹Dª¢¯g¡AP¹}®ÆÄṶq¤U°¡A«h¥i¯à¦b÷¨Åªì´Á§Y¦³ªc¨Å¤£¨¬ªº±¡§Î¡A¥H¦Ü©ó¥J½Þ¦bµo¨|°_©l(0~10¤éÄÖ)¼W«´N¤@¸ô¤U·Æ¡AÂ÷¨ÅÅ髸û¥¿±`¥À½Þ÷¨|ªº¥J½Þ®t(P¡Õ0.1)¡CµL½×¦b²D©u©Î¼ö©u¡A·P¬V¥Í´Þ¹Dª¢¯gªº¥À½Þ¦b÷¨Åªì´Á¨ä¹}®ÆÄṶq¶È¤Î¥¿±`¥À½ÞÄṶq¤@¥b(P¡Õ0.01)¡A¼vÅT¥À½Þ¥Í²£ÁZ®Ä¤ñ©u¸`®ÄÀ³©Î³B²z®ÄÀ³§óÄY«¡C§^¤H¬Ý«Ý¼ö©u¥À½Þ¹}®ÆÄṶq§C¤Uªº°ÝÃDÀ³¬Ý¨ìÁôÂèä«áªº¥Í´Þ¹Dª¢¯g°ÝÃD¡C¨¾½d¤§¹D§Y¦b¥À½Þ¤À®Y§¹¤FL¦ç±Æ¥X«á¡A¤@«ß¥Î®ø¬rÃĤô(Acrinol solution)Äé¬~¥Í´Þ¹D¨Ãª`®g§Ü¥Í¯À¡AÀ£¨î¥i¯àªº²Óµß·P¬V¡C
ªí11. ¥¿±`÷¨Å¥À½Þ»P¥Í´Þ¹Dµoª¢÷¨Å¥À½Þ(1)¹}®Æªñ¦üÄṶq(¹}¾i°ò)¤ñ¸û
¥À½Þ ²£«á |
²D©u | ¼ö©u | ||
¥¿±` (n¡×14) |
¥Í´Þ¹Dµoª¢ (n¡×7) |
¥¿±` (n¡×13) |
¥Í´Þ¹Dµoª¢ (n¡×10) |
|
kg¡þday | ||||
²Ä0~3¤é(2) | 4.14A | 2.16B | 3.92A | 1.70B |
²Ä4-10¤é(2) | 5.60 | 4.69 | 4.66A | 3.34B |
²Ä11-28¤é | 6.46 | 5.77 | 5.38 | 5.08 |
¥þ´Á(2)0~28 | 5.91 | 4.96 | 5.04A | 4.28B |
µù¡G(1)÷¨Å¥À½Þ¤£¤À«~ºØ¡A²D©u21ÀY¡F¼ö©u23ÀY¡C¥Í´Þ¹Dµoª¢©w¸q¬°¥À½Þ²£«á³±¤á±Æ¥X²V¿BÖß²G¥B²£«á3¤é¹}®ÆÄṶq°¦¤é¦b3.0kg¥H¤U¡C (2)¦P¤@©u¸`¤º¡A¦P¤@¾î¦æ¥§¡Èa,b¤p¼g¦r¥Àªí¥Ü¦³®t²§ÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.01)¡C Footnotes¡G (1)Least squares means for the pooled lactating sows, regardless of breeds and and treatments. AMong that 21 sows were sampled for cool season observation, and 23 sows for warm season observation. THe reproductive organ infection was defined as the sows having turbid discharge and ate less than 3.0 kg feed within 3 days postpartum. (2)Within the same season, A, B, Means in the same row with different superscripts differ (P<0.01). |
ªí12. ¥¿±`÷¨Å¥À½Þ»P¥Í´Þ¹Dµoª¢÷¨Å¥À½Þ(1)÷¨ÅÁZ®Ä(¥J½Þ¼W«)¤ñ¸û
¥J½Þ Åé« |
²D©u | ¼ö©u | ||
¥¿±` | ¥Í´Þ¹Dµoª¢ | ¥¿±` | ¥Í´Þ¹Dµoª¢ | |
¥J½Þ1¤éÄÖÅé«(2) ²Ä0-10¼W«(2) ²Ä11-28¤é¼W« ¥þ´Á¼W«0~28¤é Â÷¨ÅÅé«(2) |
1.651 0.177 0.249 0.230 8.063 |
1.623 0.165 0.240 0.215 7.592 |
1.957 0.181A 0.225 0.209 7.829 |
1.773 0.133B 0.209 0.183 6.917 |
µù¡G(1)÷¨Å¥À½Þ¤£¤À«~ºØ¡A¤£¤À³B²z¨ú¼Ë¡A²D©u21ÀY¡F¼ö©u23ÀY¡C¥Í´Þ¹Dµoª¢©w¸q¬°¥À½Þ²£«á³±¤á±Æ¥X²V¿BÖß²G¥B²£«á3¤é¹}®ÆÄṶq°¦¤é¦b3.0kg¥H¤U¡C (2)¦P¤@©u¸`¤º¡A¦P¤@¾î¦æ¥§¡ÈA,B¤j¼g¦r¥Àªí¥Ü®t²§ÅãµÛ(P¡Õ0.05)¡C Footnotes¡G (1)Least squares means for the pooled lactating sows, regardless of breeds and and treatments. Among that, 21 sows were sampled for cool season observation, and 23 sows for warm season observation. The reproductive organ infection was defined as the sows having turbid discharge and ate less than 3.0 kg feed within 3 days postpartum. (2)Within the same season, A, B, Means in the same row with different superscripts differ (P<0.05). |
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¥»¬Ù¼ö©u°ª·Å±aµ¹¥À½Þ¥Í²£©Ê¯à´î°hªº°ÝÃD¡A¦h¦~¨Ó¤@ª½¥¼¸Ñ¨M¡F¥»¸ÕÅçµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡G¥¿±`÷¨Å¥À½Þ¼ö©u®É¦bÀY³¡µ¹¤©Ó§O¥R¨¬³q·¡A¹}®ÆÄṶq»P²D©u®Éªº®t²§¦b1kg¥H¤U(5.96kg vs. 5.05kg)¡CµL½×¦b²D©u©Î¼ö©u¡A÷¨Å¥À½ÞÄá¹1.8¢H NaHCO3²V¦X¹}®Æ¡A¸ÑÂ÷«á¤§Na+«P¶i¶¼¤ô¶q¡BÅ餺¯à¶q¬y³q¤Î¤ô¤À©PÂà³t²v¡FHCO3-«h¼W¶i¦å²G½w½Ä¯à¤O¡B¥H¤Î®ðÅé¥æ´«®Ä²v¡A¨âªÌªºÁ`¦X®ÄÀ³ªí²{©ó´£ª@¥À½Þ÷¨ÅÁZ®Ä¡A¼W¥[¥J½ÞÂ÷¨ÅÅé«¡A¨ä§ï¶i´T«×¦b10¢H¥H¤W¡C¥À½Þ²£«á¥Í´Þ¹Dª¢¯gÄY«¼vÅT¼ö©u¹}®ÆÄṶq¤Î¥J½Þ¼W«¡A¨äÄY«©Ê¶W¹L©u¸`®ÄÀ³»P¹}®Æ°t¤è§ï¶i®ÄÀ³¡A«Øij½Þ³õÀ³±Ä¨ú¨Æ¥ý¨¾½d±¹¬I¡C(¥x¿}¯b¬ã©Ò¸ÕÅç³ø§i)
¹}®ÆÀç¾iÂø»x(p.37¡ã56)¢w¶À©ú¼w.·¨¤Ñ¾ð.°¨©s¼w.³¯¥Ó§gµ¥¤H¡B¤E¤»¦~¤E´Á